Carry from Strasbourg in Bitche
The Porte of Strasbourg (in German Straßburger Thor ) is located in the Commune Frenchwoman of Bitche and the department of the the Moselle. It is about one of only the vestiges of the fortifications which included/understood four Portes.
History
Until the War Thirty Year old, the town of Bitche is made up only of two boroughs, one (district of the town hall) of the name of Kaltenhausen and the other, (district of the slaughter-house) of the name of Rohr. The Population of the unit is of 198 inhabitants in 1595. These two boroughs are surrounded by a wall enclosing, giving passage to the pedestrians and to the attachments thanks to two carries S. the first carries, known as Oberpfort (carries higher), is the carries of Strasbourg and the other Unterpfort (carries lower) is that of Sturzelbronn. The September 6th 1633, the Swedish destroy and set fire to these two boroughs and the marshal of Humières, on the orders of Richelieu, besieges and occupies the place in 1634. One speaks about four carries S in 1662, namely the Hinter Thor (carries of behind), the Vorder Thor (carries of front), Ober Thor (carries known as of Strasbourg) and Unter Thor (Sturzelbronn carries). These carries S are kept by guards ( Wachtmeister ) charged to supervise them, to open them the Matin and to close them the evening. At certain times, the municipality is given the responsability to pay the guard. Each Citoyen must annually deliver a to him Sester of Grain. In the same way, each car or cart bringing of the Bois must provide him a Porstang . During the haymaking, it has the right to tear off with each car three, and each cart, two handles of Foin. Moreover, the Berger must keep free to him two heads of Bétail and two Porc S.
Louis XIV conquers the Lorraine in 1683, the place is strengthened by Vauban and the city surrounded by a wall by the marshal of Humières. By treated S of successive Peaces, Bitche changes hands and its fortifications is destroyed and rebuilt on several occasions. The Population] of the city increases little by little to reach 400 inhabitants in 1626. The Traité of Ryswick restores the Lorraine with the duke Léopold, emperor of the Holy roman Empire in 1697, stipulating that the place of Bitche will be shaven, which is made in 1698. Years pass and one vooit to draw up an enclosure of palisades, made up of 6822 parts and which practically lasts until in 1788. The year 1743 sees the construction of four barriers. A plan of the town of Bitche, gone back to 1753, being with the museum of the citadel indicates the exact site of the aforesaid barriers:
- the barrier of Strasbourg, with the current site of the same door
- the barrier of Sarreguemines and Phalsbourg, located at the height of Central cinema
- the barrier of the Rock Bored, located at the height of the slaughter-house
- the barrier of Pram, located between the building Rocca and the Lamy establishments.
These barriers are only of simple constructions of Bois and Fer. The memories of the fortifications of Bitche carrying dated January 1st the 1758 say: the barriers built in 1743 at the entries of the low city, having fallen in outdatedness, one makes some put the old men Fer S at the stores, as well as the Bois which came from it. One does not propose of it the re-establishment, waited until they become useless. The new enclosure projected in the circumference of this low city not being still decided, consequently, the entries of the carries S are not indicated . In 1786, the carries S are equipped with four bodies of guard, a 6 meters length 80 and a width of 5 meters 50, with a surface at the ground floor of 37,40 m ², similar in construction and capacity, made for twelve men, according to table Militaire of Strasbourg, drawn up in July and August 1819.
Another table of the ministry for the War dated from the December 17th 1833 concerning the real estate belonging to the State which is assigned to an unspecified public service in the place of Bitche, us says that each body of guard includes/understands small a Grenier, with a surface built for the whole of 192 m ², for an approximate value in capital of 4 800 francs. This document indicates to us that the enclosure is built in 1786 with the expenses of the city for the department of the war on the plans and under the direction of the military Engineering, that it belongs to the department of the war since its construction, and this until the April 8th 1811. Given at that time to the city by decree of the February 23rd 1811, it again occupied and is maintained by the department the war since 1814, without act of recovery. A state of the direction of Sarrelouis of the Royal Corps of Genius for the place of Bitche on November 15th 1814 carries like observation: the force of service to the July 15th 1791 is made up as follows:
Barrier of Strasbourg: 4 men, 1 Corporal, 3 Fusiliers
These figures give us certainly the importance of the aforesaid barriers.
By ministerial ordinance of the war of the month of October 1788, the enclosure of palisade is replaced by a wall finished in 1795 and which costs the sum of 57 202 francs, extending from the Glacis of the citadel until the Stadtweiher. It is necessary to go back to the year 1844 where the general Schneider, originating in the area, Minister for the war of the May 12th 1839 at March 1st 1840, manages to make impose the fortification city. A ministerial ordinance on June 28th 1844 orders these fortifications which are completed in 1852. The city having attracted an increasingly large number of workmen, craftsmen and tradesmen, sees passing his population of 2 200 inhabitants in 1770 with 3 411 in 1850, which leads the manufacturers of fortifications to defer the doors beyond the old barriers.
The carries of Strasbourg is the single door not to change a site. The barrier known as of Sarreguemines and Phalsbourg bursts into two. One called carries Phalsbourg is pushed back until the vault of the Pond and the other known as of Sarreguemines is with the height of the Poste. That of Pram, it also is deferred to the height of the current Hoellinger tobacco. The war of 1870 abused the doors of Bitche and the startup of the Artillerie striped, with longer range, larger precision, for more powerful purposes, modifies the conditions of the fight, with the great detriment of the value of the extremely. Thus starting from 1872, the doors are condemned to the spade of the demolition contracters who leave upright only some sections of wall and only one door, that of Strasbourg, which exists still to date but is seen circumvented by increasingly dense circulation. The three others disappeared, that of Sarreguemines in 1889, Lemberg in 1891 and Landau in 1900.
The door of Strasbourg is classified historic building since 1930. ----
| Random links: | Sōjirō Seta | Barnaby inspector | Storo | Barguelonne | Willie Buchan | Comptes_de_Toulouse |