Carotene

The carotene is a Terpène, a Pigment of color orange, important for the Photosynthèse. Carotene is the Dimère of the Vitamine has and is presented in two forms: α and β-carotene. The two types can be stored in the Foie, and with the difference of the vitamin has, a carotene excess is not toxic and can also be converted into vitamin has if necessary.

Action

Carotene gives to the Carotte its orange color. People who consumed some too much can yellow slightly. It does not contribute actively to the Photosynthèse, but transmits the energy which it absorbed with the Chlorophylle.

With the autumn, the chlorophyl contained in the sheets of the trees is one of the first elements to be degraded. Remain only carotenes what explains the red color of the Feuille S, particularly visible phenomenon at the maple S and the Chêne S reds of America.

Α-carotene

β-carotene

Β-carotene is in certain fruits and plants: Sweet pepper, Carrot, spinach, Lettuce, Tomato, Sweet potato, Broccoli, Cantaloup, Marrow, Apricot. At first approximation, more the fruit (or the sheet) is coloured, more there is β-carotene.

Β-carotene is a Antioxydant, and thus has a beneficial effect in the fight against the free radical . Nevertheless, its utility as food Complément is discussed.

Molecule C40H56 the β-carotene is a chain made up of 8 isoprenic units with connections simple and doubles alternate. It can absorb a light blue-indigo and thus appear orange.

Properties and use

Β-carotene is used in the food field like Colorant for the preparation of the Margarine, for the products of Boulangerie, the fizzy drinks and the sugar refineries. It can be used as provitamin has as a vitaminized complement.

In animal feeds, it is used for food of the Poisson and the cattle. In the food of chickens, β-carotene improves the color of the egg yolks and the appearance of the flesh.

In the pharmaceutical field, it is incorporated in certain sun lotions because of its properties of filter agent against the sun and anti-cancer. Taken as a food complement for one prolonged length of time, it could have a beneficial effect on the cognitive performances.

Obtaining

Β-carotene can be obtained either by extraction, or by synthesis, or by biotechnological way.

Β-carotene naturalness comes mainly from the red Palm oil and from the Luzerne and also from the oil of Carotte. The process of extraction is delicate because β-carotene is sensitive to heat and oxidation. Moreover, the extraction gives a product which contains impurities, namely of the Isomère S alpha, gamma and delta of carotene.

The synthesis is complex and is carried out in six stages starting from the Acétone via β-ionone itself the result of a synthesis in ten stages of acetone.

History

Carotene was discovered in 1881 by Wachenroder.

See too

External bonds

  • Beta-carotene website by Martha Evens, School off Chemistry, University off Bristol-board
  • Berkeley Wellness Guides off to Dietary Supplements
  • Beta-caroten one University Maryland

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