Carmelite nuns of Compiegne

The Carmelite nuns of Compiegne are nuns carried out in 1794 to have refused to give up their monastic vows.

After having made the " wish of martyre" , by making offering of their life to obtain the end of the massacres and peace for the Church and the State, the sixteen Carmelite nuns were transferred from Compiegne to Paris where they were judged under the charge of “machiner against the Republic” in their carmel. They are guillotinées the 29 messidor An II (July 17th 1794) on the place of Throne-Reversed (the old place of the Throne named thus since 1792 - currently Place of the Nation). Their bodies and their heads are thrown of night in one of the two common graves of the Cimetière of Picpus. They are béatifiées on May 27th, 1906 by the pope Pie X.

Execution of the sixteen Carmelite nuns

The sixteen nuns led by Therese Mother of Saint-Augustin (Madeleine-Claudine Lidoine), their Mother Superior, took the way of the guillotine. Throughout the course which led them to the scaffold, the Carmelite nuns sang canticles. Vêtues of their white coats, the nuns went down from the carts and are reflected with knees and entonnèrent the Veni Créator . The assistants of Charles-Henri Sanson sought the first: Sister Constancy of Jesus. It was youngest of them, a beginner. She made her génuflexion in front of her Mother Superior to ask for the permission to him of die, while assembling the steps of the scaffold she entonna the Laudate Dominum (psalm 116, psalm sung at the time of the foundations of the carmels, with the symbolic system to found with the Sky a new community). The fifteen other Carmelite nuns were carried out then, sister Marie Henriette of Providence, the nurse before last, the Mother Superior in the last. The songs of the nuns climbing the scaffold strongly impressed the crowd which witnessed this execution.

Name of the sixteen Carmelite nuns

  • Sister Saint Louis (Marie-Anne Brideau, 41 years)

  • Euphrasie Sister of the Immaculate Conception (Marie Claude Cyprienne Brard, 57 years)

  • Julie-Louise Sister of Jesus (Pink Christian of Neuville, 53 years)

  • Sister co. Marthe (Marie Dufour, 51 years)

  • Sister Constancy of Jesus (Marie-Genevieve Miller, 28 years) (beginner)

  • Marie-Henriette Sister of Providence (Anne Pelras, 34 years)

  • Sister of Jesus Crucifié (Marie-Anne Piedcourt, 79 years)

  • Marie Sister of the Holy Spirit (Roussel Angelica, 52 years) (sister converses)

  • Therese Mother of St Augustin (Madeleine Claudine Lidoine, 41 years)

  • Therese Sister of St Ignace (Marie Gabrielle Trézel, 51 years)

  • Sister Charlotte of Resurrection (Anne Marie Madeleine Francoise Thouret, 79 years)

  • Sister St François-Xavier (Juliette Verolot, 30 years) (sister converses)

  • Therese Sister of the Heart of Marie (Marie-Antoinette Hanisset, 52 years)

  • Sister Catherine (Catherine Soiron, 52 years) (extern) (was not nun but " woman gagée")

  • Sœur Therese (Therese Soiron, 43 years) (extern) (even statute that his/her sister Catherine)

  • Henriette Mother of Jesus (Marie Francoise Gabrielle de Croissy, 49 years)

Dialogs of the Carmelite nuns

The news of Gertrud von the Fort the last with the scaffold (die Letzte amndt Schafott, 1937) and the part of Georges Bernanos Dialogs of the Carmelite nuns (1949) immortalisé this episode of the Révolution, even if the character of White of the Force is a romantic creation which does not belong to the History. The name of the character of White of the Force is besides a transparent transcription of the name of Gertrud von the Fort .

To note that Gertrud von the Fort took as a starting point " The Relation of the martyrdom of the sixteen Carmelite nuns of Compiègne" , manuscripts of Marie Sister of the Incarnation (Francoise-Genevieve Philippe, 1761-1836), only survivor. (There exists a critical edition of the original manuscripts, comment and notes by William Bush, Paris, Cerf, 1993)

Francis Poulenc drew from it its opera the Dialogs from the Carmelite nuns (created in 1957), and the Father Bruckberger his film of the same name in 1960.

Sources

Victims of Picpus (1794-1994)

Internal bonds

External bonds

  • Parish of the Immaculate Conception, Paris 12 {{E}}: Parish on the territory of which the Carmelite nuns are buried (with the cemetery of Picpus).

Pilgrimage on June 3rd, 2006 to celebrate the 100e birthday of the beatification of the Carmelite nuns.

  • Left the site of Carmel devoted to the Carmelite nuns of Compiegne

Some photographs

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