Cardiac Surgery

The cardiac surgery is a surgical speciality treating the affections of the Cœur and the large thoracic vessels.

Originally, this speciality was characterized by the need for the installation of a extracorporal Circulation (CEC): the heart having to be stopped to be immobilized during the intervention, the perfusion of fabrics was maintained for the duration of the operation by an artificial pump. That is not necessary any more currently for the majority of the interventions on the coronary arteries.

Various types of intervention

Coronary

aorto-coronary Bridging in the event of contracting of a coronary artery. This intervention, even if it preserves specific indications, is strongly competed with by the techniques of Angioplastie, carried out by the doctor cardiologist.

cardiac Valve

valvular Replacement by a prosthesis, either out of synthetic material (mechanical valve), or out of biological material (bioprothèse),
valvular Plastie: the surgeon then repairs the valve without changing it.

Cardiopathie congenital

Repairs can be complete or partial and are done more and more early. It is about one “on specialization” of cardiac surgery.

Surgery of the Cardiac failure

Many correct interventions were proposed with a various effectiveness. Currently it is primarily about:

heart Transplant (heart transplant),
poses of a artificial Cœur provisional or final.

Surgery of the thoracic Aorta

replacement of whole or part of the aorta, with possibly reimplantation of the coronary ones.

It should be noted that the abdominal aorta remains traditionally spring of the vascular surgeon and not of the cardiac surgeon.

Pericardium

The drainage of épanchement pericarditic abundant is competence of any surgeon (not inevitably cardiac).

In the cases of Péricardite constrictive, one can be to bring to remove the totality of the pericardium.

Surgery of the turbid of the rate/rhythm

There too, the cardiac surgery is not largely competed with by the interventionnelles techniques of electrophysiology, the surgeon not intervening any more but in very rare cases.

It is also noted that the installation of a simple Cardiac pacemaker or with integrated defibrillator, is done by a cardiologist and not by a cardiac surgeon, except exceptions.

Others

exérèse of the cardiac Tumor S

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