Campinas

Campinas (IPA: kɐ̃ːˈpinɐs ) is a Brazilian commune ( municipio ) of the State de São Paulo. It is located at the north of the capital of the State at a distance of approximately 90 km. Its surface is of 795,7 km ². Its population estimated in 2004 was of 1 045 706 inhabitants. Its altitude is of 654 Mr.

Campinas is made of four districts: Joaquim Egídio , Sousas , Barão Geraldo and Nova Aparecida . Its metropolitan region is made of 19 communes and has a population estimated at 2,6 million inhabitants (6,31% of the population of the State).

Currently, the city concentrates approximately a third of the industrial production of the State. They are especially industries of high Technologie and a metallurgical park. It is also an important shopping mall - it has largest “Shopping center” of Latin America: shopping Parks Dom Pedro - and of services. In its metropolitan region, is the Aéroport of Viracopos, which is useful especially for goods transport.

Very close to Campinas, we have the greatest metropolitan regions of the State de São Paulo: Jundiaí, São Paulo, Sorocaba, Santos and São Jose back Campos, whose populations added in that with Campinas exceed 29 000 000 inhabitants i.e. 80% of the population of the State.

Because of its geographical location, Campinas is not a very polluted city: it is located on a plate and pollution coming from its factories and its great motor vehicle traffic affects only the close cities.

The most popular teams of Football are the Guarani Futebol Clube, the Associação Atlética Ponte Lent and the Campinas FC.

History

Campinas was founded by the Portuguese in first half of the XVIIIe century like rural suburb of the “Villa” of Jundiaí.

It is known as city-phoenix because of its rebirth after the Yellow fever which eliminated a quarter from its population at the XIXe century. The first culture was the Canne with sugar, quickly replaced by that of the Café. Thus, the economy of the coffee managed a new development cycle of the city. During this period, (second half of the XVIIIe century), the population of Campinas was especially made up of workers slaves and free, employed in the plantations and the productive activities rural and urban.

With the crisis of the coffee of the Years 1930, Campinas industrialized and developed the sector of services. The city started to receive immigrants of the whole world (especially of Italy), attracted by the installation of new parks of production. Between the years 1970 and 1980, the city practically doubled by internal migration.

Campinas became an important road junction with

the Rodovia Anhanguera (1948),
the Rodovia back Bandeirantes (1978),
the Rodovia Santos Dumont (years 1980),
the Rodovia Dom Pedro I,
the Rodovia Jornalista Francisco Aguierre Proença and
the Rodovia General Milton Tavares de Souza, which is an important access to REPLAN.

The modern industrial park is the fruit of the installation of technological poles and institutions of higher educations re-elected like the

the Université of State of Campinas and
the Université Pontifíciale Catholique.

Since 1998, the city empties its industries (with the transfer of the factories towards the cities close or other areas to the country left because of violence and the high taxes -) and the service sector becomes extensive (trade, research, services of high technology and companies of logistics).

Environment

Campinas shelters the Aire of great ecological interest (Área de Relevante Interests Ecológico) Santa Genebra of 251 ha, created in 1985 and managed by IBAMA, the Town hall of Campinas and the Fondation Jose Pedro de Oliveira.

Technological park

Campinas is known nationally as being a production center and of dissemination of technological informations of point. Currently, it consolidates an axis of development technico-scientist specialized in the production of technology for agricultural use.

Although the bonds between Campinas and technology go back to more than 100 years (the Agronomic Institute of Campinas (IAC) was founded by Pierre II, in 1887), the city received a large support with the structuring of the campus of the Unicamp, started in 1962. It was after the construction of this campus, that settled in Campinas of the institutions like the Research center and Development in telecommunication (CPqD), the Central one of Pesquisas Renato Archer (CenPRA - old CTI).

Here a list with the principal institutions of teaching and research of the city:

Universities and faculties

Unicamp (Universidade Estadual of Campinas)
PUCC (Pontifícia Universidade Católica of Campinas)
UNIP (Universidade Paulista/Campinas)
FACAMP (Faculdades of Campinas)
METROCAMP (Faculdade Integrada Metropolitana of Campinas)
IPEP (Faculdades IPEP Integradas)
UNISAL (Central Universitário Salesiano)
USF (Universidade São Francisco/Campinas)
ESAMC (Escola Superior de Administração, Marketing E Comunicação/Campinas)

Institutions of research

EMBRAPA (Hastened Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária)
CPqD (Central of Pesquisa E Desenvolvimento EM Telecomunicações)
IAC (Instituto Agronômico of Campinas)
CenPRA (Central of Pesquisas Renato Archer - antigo CTI)
Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncroton

Technical schools

BE Bento Quirino (Escola Técnica Estadual Bento Quirino)
ETECAP (Escola Técnica Estadual Conselheiro Antonio Prado)
COTUCA (Colégio Técnico of Campinas - Unicamp)

Culture

The city always had a privileged position in the State de São Paulo with regard to the culture with a great activity in this field. There are three municipal theaters, a Symphony orchestra (which is regarded as being one of three better countries beside OSESP and OSB), some groups of music érudite, coraux, 43 cinemas, from tens of libraries including one public, from the art galleries, museums etc the cultural life is varied and intense especially in the popular music.

In the last years of the 19th century, before devastation due to the yellow fever, the population of Campinas competed with that of São Paulo and sought a European lifestyle. One could hear expressions like " Campinas über alles". A local novelist Eustáquio Gums, exploited this characteristic in his novel: has Febre Amorosa.

It is the native soil of Antônio Carlos Gomes, famous type-setter of operas in Italy at the XIXe century and author of It Guarany, Fosca E O Escravo.

Principal theaters

Central of Convivência
Castro Mendes
Teatro de Arena Central C of Convivência

Sports

Principal football clubs of the city of Campinas: Guarani, Ponte Lent E Campinas.

Stages

Brinco de Ouro da Princesa (Guarani)
Braced Lucarelli (Laying Lent)
Cerecamp (Campinas)

Campinas in figures

Civil statue (2 003)

Born alive: 16.480
Marriage S: 5.569
Death: 7.543
Death less than one year old: 168
Judicial separations: 1.184
Divorce S: 872

Public health (2002)

Establishments for Health care: 243
Doctor S in function: 4.969
Dentist S in function: 279
Male nurse S and comparable: 7.069
Bed of hospital: 2.921
Apparatuses of exploration of the human body and clinical analyzes: 4438

Teaching

Teaching pre-primary education (2 004)

Inscriptions: 30.581
Establishments: 285
Teaching: 1.428

Primary school education (2 004)

Insciptions: 143.049
Establishments: 252
Teaching: 6 934

average Teaching (2 004)

Insciptions: 45.220
Establishments: 120
Teaching 3.010

University education (2003)

Inscriptions: 52652
Establishments: 9
Teaching: 3588

See: The Teaching in Brazil

Economic results (2002)

Added-value in the Agriculture and the breeding: 49 billion
Added-value in the Industry: : 3.413 billion
Added-value in the service S: : 6.149 billion
Tax S: 2.361 billion
GDP: 10.820 billion

Financial sector (2004)

Banking agencies: 185
Sight deposits of the government: R$ 1,6 billion R$
Sight deposit of the private individuals: 116,3 billion R$
Saving: R$ 360,6 billion R$

Employment (2003)

(people occupied into 2.003)

Agriculture, breeding, forest Culture: 1.098
Fishing (halieutic): 19
Industry S: 50.575
Production and distribution of electricity, distribution of Gas and distribution of Drinking water: 4.946
civil Construction: 10.829
Trade, Repair S of vehicles, objects personal and domestic objects: 90.280
Hotel ery and Food: 19.709
Transport and Communication S: 27.870
Banking environment and financier: 8666
Real Sector and services with the companies: 38.740
Public administration, defense and Social security: 17.380
Education: 24.801
Health and social services: 14.016
Other collective, social services and personnel: 13.979

Vehicles registered in the commune (2004)

Automobile S: 341.006
Truck S: 12.374
Vans: 13.709
Trucks tractors: 1.341
Microphone-bus: 2.261
Bus: 3.097
Tractor S: 80

Agriculture and breeding

Although the vocation of Campinas is industrial, here its agricultural production of the year 2003

Harvests (2003)

Lawyer: 1.139 T.
Banana: 160 T.
Coffee (in drupe): 791 T.
Khaki: 681 T.
Orange: 1.888 T.
Lemon-yellow: 2.448 T
Mango: 803 T.
Fruit of Passion: 93 T.
Grape: 4.431 T.

Cultures (2003)

Potatoes: 1712 T.
Cane with sugar: 1570500 T.
Bean S (feijão): 272 T.
Manioc: 1757 T.
Corn: 6.256 T.
Soya: 540 T.
sorgo: 150 T.
Tomato S 3.144 T.

Farm production (2003)

Eggs of hen: 50.458 dozen
Honey of bees: 8.830 kg

Breeding (2003)

Bovidae: 24.888 Porcine heads
: 6.630 heads
Équidés: 1.556 heads
Gallinacées: 467.364 heads

Transport

Campinas has an airport (code AITA: CPQ).

External bonds

Galeria de Fotos of Campinas (photographs of the city on the site of the Town hall of Campinas)
Universidade Estadual of Campinas - UNICAMP (University of the State in Campinas)
Faculdades of Campinas - FACAMP (Faculties of Campinas)
Pontifícia Universidade of Campinas - PUC-Camp (Pontifical University of Campinas)
Faculdade Politécnica of Campinas - POLICAMP (polytechnic Faculty of Campinas)
Vision by satellite of the city of Campinas (Google Maps)
Official site of the Town hall of Campinas
Site of the Brazilian Institute of geography and statistics where the statistical data of this page were collected.
the Alliance Fran1caise of Campinas

Simple: Campinas

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