Césaire of Arles

Césaire of Arles (Saint-Césaire) (° towards 470 with Chalon-sur-Saône, † August 26th 543 with Arles), One honors it the August 27th.

Archbishop of Arles (December 502 - † August 26th, 543)

Biography

Its youth

Born in territory Burgonde parents Catholic S and probably Gallo-Roman, Césaire were allowed at the age eighteen years in the rows of the clergy of its birthplace by the bishop Silvestre (484 - 526). He becomes then monk with the Monastère of Lérins at the 20 years age; he is there the pupil of Julien Pomère. He is then received in the clergy of Arles, where the bishop Eone, with which he is connected, orders it Diacre, then priest in 499, and the direction of a Monastère located opposite the city entrusts to him, either with Trinquetaille, or on an island of the Rhone (probably the island of the Cape). It is in these circumstances that it writes the Regula AD monachos .

Its episcopate arlésien

After the death of Eone in 502, he probably becomes bishop of Arles in December 502, but continuous with living like a Moine, demanding that the clergy is exemplary. Suspect with the kings ariens Visigoths (Alaric II until in 507) and Ostrogoths (Théodoric and its successors), it must be justified with Bordeaux in 505 and with Ravenne in 513, but gains the confidence of the king twice.

In 506 it chairs the Concile of Agde from which it prepared work and suggested the decisions. It is also in 513 qu ' it founds, with the Alyscamps, the first monastery of women, transferred inside the walls from Arles in 524 and called monastery Midsummer's Day . It writes for this monastery the Regula sanctarum uirginum , which will thereafter be adopted inter alia by Holy-Radegonde for its monastery of Poitiers. Appointed vicar of the apostolic Seat for the Gaulle and the Spain in 514, he convenes and chairs several Concile S, that of Arles in 524, Carpentras in 527, of Vaison in 529 and the second council of Orange in 529, undoubtedly most important, which condemns the Semi-pélagianisme and gives a theological formulation of the grace such as she had been preached by Augustin, against those which, like Jean Cassien, gave a more important role to the free will. Councils of Valence (in 530), of Orleans (in 533, 538 and 541) to which it does not assist, and that of Clermont (in 535), where he goes, adopt its ideas.

After the annexation of Provence by the Francs in 536, the relations between the archbishop and the Christian royalty become very cordial. Thus in 540, a deed of gift of Childebert, wire of Clovis probably gives the pècheries located at the South of the Etang of Caronte the current district of Jonquières at Césaire. The Archbishops of Arles become important landowners of the région.
He dies after 40 years of episcopate, the August 27th 543.

Its work

Its work is composed primarily of sermons, strongly inspired by the doctrines of Augustin. One also owes him of the dogmatic treaties, in particular the Of mysterio Sanctae Trinitatis against the ariens and the pélagiens, both monastic Règles mentioned above, as well as a correspondence.

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