Byzantine Art
The Byzantine art developed in the Roman Empire of the East between 476 and the fall of Constantinople in 1453. Art produces before in the same area is confused with the Art paléochrétien.
Periods
The first Byzantine art
See also: the First Byzantine art
The the First art Byzantine is produced between the 4th century (reign of Constantin) and the 7th century (beginning of the iconoclasme). He knows his apogee under the reign of Justinien (527 - 565), whereas a temporary reconquest of Italy takes place, and is characterized by a mixture of Roman tradition, Eastern tradition and Christianity. The town planning of Constantinople and the monuments of Ravenne illustrate the important architecture richly decorated with mosaic, while the production of Ivoire S, Orfèvrerie and painting on wood develops. The sculpture, as for it, saw its last hours of glory, in the line of the ancient sculpture.
The iconoclasme
See also: Art under the iconoclasme
The crisis iconoclast takes place between the reigns of Leon III (717-741) and Theophilus (829-842). The destruction, sometimes violent, of the images representing the divinity intervenes in reaction vis-a-vis the incredible and unverifiable development of the worship of the icons, which plank animism. Period often described like particularly low in artistic production, the iconoclasme has however considering a development of the decorative arts (fabrics, goldsmithery), even if architecture stagnated.
The rebirth Macedonian (867 -1056)
See also: Art of the dynasty Macedonian
Under the Macedonians true a artistic rebirth takes place, which seeks its references in the Antique art. The religious architecture develops, with the invention of the plan under development registered Greek cross and of the Monachisme. The decorative arts take a considerable, visible rise through in particular a transitory production of ivory parts.
The " maniérisme" comnene (1058-1185)
See also: Art of the dynasty comnene
Under the dynasty Comnène artistic one second rebirth takes place, in the line of that of the Macedonians. Architecture develops, tending to release interior space and to increase dimensions by them, while feelings and expressions are exacerbated in paintings, the mosaics and goldsmithery.
The Latin interlude (1204-1261)
See also: Art at the time of the Latin interlude
The catch of Constantinople by the Crusaders in 1204 leads to the bag of the city and the installation of a transitory Western line. Art is completely paralyzed in the capital, where the destruction and plunderings multiply, but some objects are produced, in particular in the moved back parts of the empire (Greece)… Western influences are noticed, like blazons or representations of saints knights in the icons, and it is as from this period that arrives to Western Europe of the Byzantine elements, which will influence for example the Italian Pre-Rebirth.
The dynasty paleologist (1261-1453)
See also: Art of the dynasty Paleologist
The dynasty Paléologue, which takes again the capacity after having driven out the Crusaders, gives place to a third artistic rebirth. However, the territorial retreat of the Byzantine empire and the political problems prevent art from opening out as much as under the Macedonians and Comnène. The catch of Constantinople by the Othoman sultan Mehmet II puts an end to the Byzantine empire, but its artistic influences find in the Othoman Art and in Russia.
See too
Simple: Byzantine art
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