Byblos
Byblos or Biblos (also called Goubla in the texts Wedge-shaped S, old Βύϐλος in Greek, Gebal in the Old Testament, Giblet during the Crusade S, Arab Jbeil in ) is a city Lebanon ease located at 37 km in the north of Beirut. With its antique fishing port, its Roman site and its crossed castle, Byblos one of the old cities of the world are continuously inhabited. It was also a meeting place eminently with the mode for the jet set of the whole world before the civil war.
History
Byblos has been inhabited in a continuous way for more than 7000 years. The oldest traces of a human occupation on the site are those of a village of fishermen of the Neolithic , probably established towards 5000 av. J. - C..As of the medium of, the city-State of Byblos is colonized by the Phéniciens and becomes an important religious center. The temple of Baalat Gebal was thus famous in the ancient world. The links maintained by the city with the Egypt are very close and are at the origin of the rapid cultural development and monk of the city. Byblos is also an active port which exports the wood of the Lebanon towards the Egypt and imports Egyptian papyrus to resell it through all the the Mediterranean.
In 2150 av. J. - C., the Amorite S invade the city and put a provisional term at the prosperity of the city. The occupation of Amorites is completed with the invasion of another people, the Hyksos, in 1725 av. J. - C.
Byblos today
The old city is surrounded by walls of medieval time comprising of the ancient barrels of columns included in the walls. This method of construction is also visible with the “castle of the sea” of holy Louis with Sidon (Saïda).The interior of the city shelters a church built by the Génois, small a Mosquée, a souk of local arts and crafts, the crossed castle, the ancient site and the port.
The ancient site
The ancient site is on a ground point which controls two bays, one in the north which shelters the current port, the other in the south. Since this port were probably exported a great quantity of wood of cedar of Lebanon towards the Egypt and the Greece.The ancient site includes/understands the ancient fortifications, of the tombs of kings de Byblos of which that of Ahiram, in which the Sarcophage was discovered on which is registered the oldest transcription phenician and finally the famous sand pipe, original place of the one of the more old city of the world. The sarcophagus of Ahiram is exposed today to the museum of Beirut.
On the ancient site of Byblos ruins of all the populations are which lived the area since its foundation. One finds there in particular a colonnade Roman like one nymphée in the North-East of the site; walls of the phenician city; Persian fortifications; a water point used by multiple civilizations; the crossed citadel, and even a house of the beginning of the 20th century.
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