Burkholderiaceae

The family of the Burkholderiaceae belongs to the order of the Burkholderiales. On the basis of analysis of the ARNr-16S, bacteria with ecological characteristics very different and able to use a large variety of energy sources were gathered in this family. These species gather obligatory bacteria aérobes as well as anaerobic species optional, chimioorganotrophe and chimiolithotrophe. The members of this family, just like the others Protéobactéries are all of the bacteria with negative Gram coloring. The cells are generally in the shape of stick.

Ecology

The kinds of this family colonize a broad spectrum of habitats. For example the kind Pandoraea colonizes the grounds, water and muds. They also colonize the respiratory tracts of patients reached (Mucoviscidose). Lautropia colonizes the oral cavity of the man, Cupriavidus colonizes the grounds. In general these bacteria are motile using a polar Flagelle or of Flagelle S péritriches, the exceptions are species such Ralstonia solanacearum , various species of Burkholderia (for example Burkholderia mallei ), Lautropia and Polynucleobacter necessarius .

Certain species belong to the bacteria denitrifying, which are able to breathe nitrates. The breathing of nitrates is an anaerobic form of breathing or the final acceptor of the electronic chain are the nitrates instead of oxygen. In this category of bacterium one can quote the species Ralstonia eutrophus (Syn: Alcaligenes eutrophus ). Fixing bacteria of nitrogen are also members of this family, for example Burkholderia vietnamiensis

Thermothrix azorensis is an organization Thermophile and autotrophic (chimiolithoautotrophe), this species is able to produce are energy starting from inorganic substrates. This species develops between 63 and 86 °C.

Polynucleobacter is a bacterium Endosymbiote of various species of Euplotes , a junction of the Protistes (Ciliophora).

Pathogenicity

Certain species are pathogenic of plants, animals and human. The species Burkholderia mallei (Synonym: Actinobacillus mallei , Pseudomonas mallei ) contaminates the camels, the horses and the dogs. The Mélioïdose, a Infection of the man is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei . Ralstonia solanacearum is pathogenic of plant. This bacteria contaminate up to 200 species different of plants (e.g. potatoes, tobaccos and other species of Solanaceae). The genome of Ralstonia solanacearum was sequence in 2002 (see: List of the micro-organisms sequences).

Systematic

The kinds members of this family are:

Sources

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