Bulawayo
Bulawayo is the second Ville Zimbabwe. City in charge of history, populated of a million inhabitants, it is located in the middle of the Matabeleland.
Its name means “place of the massacre”, in reference to the executions ordered by the chief Mzilikazi during the formation of the state Ndébélé in the Années 1830. His/her son Lobengula succeeded to him in 1870 and confronted with the British Cecil Rhodos which it met in 1888. Rhodos managed to deceive it while making him accept a concession guaranteeing the abroads rights on the ores in exchange of weapons and money.
Following several misunderstandings, an open conflict burst then between British and Ndébélés. Bulawayo, capital of Lobengula, was taken and set fire to by the British whereas king Nédébélé fled. Its gold offerings in pledge of peace never arrived to its recipient, Cecil Rhodos. Lobengula died in exile of the Variole.
At the beginning of the Years 1890, Nédébélés were combined with the Shonas to push back the British but ended up accepting an offer of peace and a negotiated payment formulated by Cecil Rhodos leading to the installation of Europeans with Bulawayo and the control of Matabéléland by BSAC of Rhodos.
The city officially was founded by Leander Starr Jameson on June 1st 1894.
In 1898, the railroad having to connect the Cape to the Cairo arrived at Bulawayo. One second line was then inaugurated bound for the Victoria falls and of the copper belt of Rhodesia of north (Zambia)
Center commercial and Industrie L, the city thus thrived and it is in Bulawayo that were born the first Syndicat S blacks.
After the independence of Zimbabwe in 1980, the tensions were sharp with the shonas majority country leading even to a true conflict and a true seat of the area with slaughters in mass.
In 1988, peace returned when the enemy brothers shonas and ndébélés signed an agreement of friendship and amalgamated their respective parties.
In a downtown area where the streets are traced with the chalk line, the visitors will admire a number important of quite vain colonial houses and colonial buildings imposing as the station or the town hall.
The museum not to miss a city is the Natural History Museum on the fauna and the Flore of the country.
The museum of the rail ( Railways Museum ) shelters a collection of Locomotive S with vapor, beautiful buildings and the private coach of Cecil Rhodos.
To the surroundings, the visitors will go to the park of Matopos to the imposing granitic formations. It that Cecil Rhodos rests at the top of the Malindidzimu hill, is also baptized there “View off the world”. At its sides is fall it from his/her faithful friend, the doctor Leander Starr Jameson like, since 1930, that of the 1st head of government of Rhodesia of the south, Charles Coghlan.
Downstream also, the memorial Shangani To rivet famous since 1904 memory of the patrol of Allan Wilson, whose 33 soldiers entirely were destroyed by the ndébélés warriors on December 4th 1898.
Toponymy
Although many streets of the downtown area do not bear names and are only numbered, the majority of the other streets of the downtown area which bore a colonial name were renamed in March 1990:- Grey, Birchenough and Queens streets: Robert Mugabe street
- Jameson street: Herbert Chitepo street
- Rhodos street: Georges Silundika street
- Salisbury Road: Harare Road
- Selborne Avenue: Leopold Takawira Avenue
- Abercorn street: Jason Moyo street
- Wilson street: Josiah Tongogara street
- Borrow street : Samuel Parirenyat street
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