Bubonic plague
The bubonic plague is the most frequent form of Peste in natural environment. It makes following the infection by the puncture of the chip of a rat or an infected rodent. The plague is declared initially in the rodents which die in large scales. The chips losing their host seek other sources of Sang, and contaminate the man and the pets.
Description
The period of Incubation is from 2 to 6 days, sometimes more.
Then shivers and the Fièvre appear, accompanied by Myalgie S (muscular pains), of Arthralgie S (joint pains), of Céphalée S (headaches) and of a feeling of Asthénie (important tiredness).
In the first 24 hours, the patient feels a localized Douleur on the level of one or several lymphatic ganglia near the place where the chip introduced the bacillus Yersinia pestis . Generally the punctures of chip touch the lower extremities, this is why in fact the femoral and inguinaux ganglia (with the root of the members) are most frequently touched. The ganglia (bubos) increase by size and are particularly painful and sensitive. With palpation, zones concerned are œdémateuses (a heightening of the skin is noticed under which are located séreux liquids) and accompanied by a red or pink coloring as well as heat.
If the patient suitably is inspected, it is possible to detect the punctures of the chip, whose testimony is the presence of small a Papule (light heightening of the skin). One sees then appearing a papule associated with a Pustule (presence of pus in the form of crusts) and sometimes even with a Ulcère (loss of localized cutaneous substance). Sometimes one attends the development of ulcers much more important but more rarely.
At this stage, the bubonic plague answers generally quickly and suitably with the treatment by Antibiotique S. One attends then with a défervescence (lowers temperature) and an improvement of all the demonstrations in two to five days. Nevertheless the bubos remain inflated and sensitive during approximately ten days after the treatment. In absence of effective cure, one sees appearing at the patient certain signs alarming such as an increase in the cardiac rhythm (Tachycardie), a prostration (the patient refuses its environment), an agitation, and sometimes a confusion as well as the convulsions and one is delirious. This translated occurred of a Septicaemia (general infection) by the bacillus of the plague, leading to other symptoms much more alarming and resulting in death in 36 hours.
See also: septicemic Plague
Lighter forms of bubonic plague were described in particular in South America. They are called pestis undervalues and are characterized by the presence of a light fever and an ignition less important than that described previously.
See too
The principal article: Other clinical forms of plague: History of the epidemic of plague:- List of the epidemics of plague
- the Black Death (Pandemia of 1347).
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