Brunoy

Brunoy is a common French, located in the department of the the Essonne and the area Île-de-France.

Its inhabitants is called Brunoyens.

Member of the the Community of agglomeration of the Valley of Yerres, created in 2002.

Geography

The town of Brunoy is located at the south-east of Paris, approximately 22 km of the capital, and at 17 km of Évry, its prefecture. Carry French Brie, it is crossed by the river the Yerres, affluent of the the Seine, whose valley forms at this place of the meanders marked, and bordered in its southern part by the Forêt of Sénart.

Communes bordering

Demography

Famous people

Transport and communications

  • the Gare of Brunoy is served by the RER D (Transilien) of the SNCF (Paris Gare de Lyon /Melun).

  • Several urban lines of bus serve the city, whose majority converges towards the coach station, vis-a-vis SNCF railway station of Brunoy. The TransEssonne, trunk line, makes it possible to join Évry.

  • the commune is crossed by RN6 (Paris/Melun) and is connected to the Francilienne (Évry/Marne-the-Valley) like with the A5 (Sénart/Troyes).

Equipment

  • administrative Equipment : town hall, posts, police station, gendarmerie.
  • School facilities :
    • 9 nursery schools
    • 6 elementary schools
    • 2 colleges, Albert Camus, Louis Pasteur.
    • the college, François-Joseph Talma.
    • a Catholic establishment private (of the nursery school to the college).
    • 1 private school of Pedagogy Montessori (maternal/primary).
    • 2 establishments for handicapped people.
    • to note the presence of the more rabbinical university of France.
  • Sports equipment : 1 nautical center, 13 courts of tennis including 3 covers, 2 stages, 3 gymnasia, skate park, ground of Lyons balls and surface of game of bowls.
  • cultural Equipment : theater (Theater of the Valley of Yerres), library, municipal academy, museum, municipal center of culture and leisures (CMCL), village hall. To note the presence of a site of the national Natural history museum of natural history.
  • social Equipment : French health insurance system of health insurance, house of employment and the company, house for all, SME, 2 halt-nurseries, 2 cribs, relay maternal assistants.
  • Equipment of the worship : 2 churches, a vault, and a synagog.
  • various Equipment : 2 markets, the market of the Center (Thursday and Sunday morning) and it gone of Will work (Tuesday and Friday morning).

History

Prehistory

The city became populated primarily on two places: the sand pit, in Forest of Sénart, and in the loops of the Yerres. Thus, during one period of excavations, one found many tools hones some with the sand pit, of which some are exposed to the museum Robert Dubois-Corneau, sign which the place was inhabited uninterrupted since the Paléolithique. The many monuments megalithic with Brunoy (7 on the whole), testify to the working life at that time. One can see thus Pierre Fritte close to the Perronet bridge.

Antiquity

A Roman villa, which one found vestiges, was held with the site of the street of the Role. Current RN6 was a Roman way which connected Lutèce to Agedincum (Sens).

The Middle Ages

From the 5th century, the Francs settle in the area. Childebert receives the kingdom of Paris with died of his/her father Clovis in 511. In its will of 638, Dagobert Ier distributes the royal field of Brunoy: the Church of Saint-Denis even inherits the grounds located at Brunoy. It is in this will that the name of Brunoy appears for the first time: Latin Brennadum. The grounds were divided in several strongholds; that of the Small tower belonged to the King. In this stronghold there was a castle, located close to the sand pit in forest of Sénart. It was a strengthened castle, where Philippe VI of Valois enacted in 1346 the Charter of National Forestry Commission (or Ordonnance of Brunoy). Only a keep remained up to one recent time: the Tower of Ganne, which collapsed in 1836. Another stronghold belonged to Brunayo, and this until the 13th century. It is this family which built the castle close to Yerres, behind the mill, and which gave to the city its blazon: of gold to the cross of Mouths confined of four of the same lions.
The fields were burst, then again gathered, in particular thanks to the family of Lannoy. The city was at that time surrounded by defensive walls, just like the castle of Brunayo.

XVIIIe century

In 1722, the stronghold of Brunoy is sold to the Guard of the royal treasure, Jean Paris de Monmartel. This field is set up in marquisat in 1757. It is at that time that one transforms the feudal castle which borders Yerres: a wing is added there, the apartments are richly decorated. But J.P. of Monmartel does not remain about it there. Its important fortune enables him to create Water of Brunoy, on the slope which goes from the plate of the Forêt of Sénart towards the Yerres. Water comes at the same time from the forest itself and Yerres thanks to a system of pumps. The park comprises several basins, of the solid masses of flowers, the statues and a long channel. The visitors are numerous: Louis XV, the marchioness of Pompadour remains in Brunoy. J.P. of Monmartel also begins the interior decoration of the Saint M3edard's Day Church.

His/her son Armand, the famous marquis de Brunoy, takes the changing with his death. It is extravagant, very carried on the religious festivities and which even goes, with dead of his/her father, to decorate the town of black: servants, castle, trees, fountains, horses, all passes there. Its strange behavior (he worked with its workmen) and the consumption of its fortune will bring it to its fall: the field is sold to the Count de Provence, brother of King Louis XVI (Mister), future Louis XVIII. Mister resides at the small castle, which it transforms into a beautiful residence (current rabbinical school), according to its taste.

In 1780, a rising carries the bridge. It is rebuilt by an architect of reputation, Jean-Rodolphe Perronet.
Mister and the King likes to drive out in Forêt of Sénart, and Soufflot is charged to build there a Obélisque, our current Pyramid.
After the Revolution, the large castle is shaved, and the dismantled field. Brunoy attracts famous characters then, the such actor François-Joseph Talma (come in Brunoy as dentist). Faithful of Bonaparte, then of Louis XVIII, it was the large tragic actor of his time. Member of the Comédie-Française, it had several properties with Brunoy like Malgouverne, Gouvernerie, or the house of the Nurses. The General Dupont-Chaumont was him owner of a large park in Bosserons which included/understood a castle, destroys during the parcelling out of the park at the beginning of the 20th century.

XIXe century

Many middle-class men choose Brunoy for their second home. It is the time of the castles and the beautiful residences. One can quote the field of Soulins (acquired by Charles Christofle, genious goldsmith, specialist in the process of Galvanoplastie), the castle of the Shades, the castle of the Midnight supper (today occupied by the CMCL), the castle Ruel, the masonries of current the national Muséum of natural history. Corot remained in Brunoy and painted there several paintings.
The railroad arrived at Brunoy in 1849; its arrival imposed the construction of important works of art, like the viaduct Brunoy, length 375 m and high of 32 Mr.
The current town hall was built in 1898.

XXe century

Brunoy becomes a place of walk privileged to the Belle time. There are Guinguette S at the edge of the Yerres, but the Forêt of Sénart also attracts with popular dances like the Black Cat or the Mill of Wafer, close to the Pyramid. One of these establishments was extremely famous: At Gervaise (" the farm of the cycle"), where one could test any kind of more extravagant bicycles the ones than the others! (today head office of the STRAV) the beginning of this century is also a period of allotments. Many great properties were thus parcelled out: the park of Will work in 1904, the park of the Pyramid in 1912, for example. Brunoy changes residential downtown, and the houses flower. The population explodes: 1  737 inhabitants in 1906, 8  149 in 1936, 22  871 in 1975.
Electricity arrives in 1907.
In second half of the 20th century, one builds great real whole like the Large Park or the Park of Talma. The Provincial ones, ex Hautes Mardelles, are built in 1968.

XXIe century

Brunoy remains a primarily residential city. One réapproprie the Yerres by arranging its banks. The Forest of Sénart, formerly drives out royal, is one of the most attended forests area.
The museum telling the history of Brunoy and its area, installed in the residence of a historian, Robert Dubois-Corneau, becomes Musée of France. Brunoy approaches the common neighbors through the community of agglomeration of the Val of Yerres.

Inheritance

Religious heritage

  • Church Saint M3edard's Day : located in the middle of Brunoy, the Saint M3edard's Day Church was rebuilt at the 16th century, on the site of a vault mérovingienne (recent work discovered a tomb of this time). It has rich person woodworks of style baroque dating from the 18th century in skirtings carved, painted and gilded. Bedside with five sides and chorus 13th century. Two paintings of Jean Restout (1732-1797): St Joseph and the Child, the Virgin and the Child. Stained glasses 19th century of Hirsch, raises Delacroix. Classified historic building (1981).

Civil inheritance

  • the Pyramid : (in fact, a Obelisk) it marks the entry of Brunoy on RN6 and carries it Forêt of Sénart. Built in 1779 by Soufflot, it was the appointment of hunting of the king Louis XVI. It was surrounded by two sculptures of Maurice Prost (20th century), until 2003, date of their displacement in the gardens of the museum Robert Dubois-Corneau; classified historic building (1934).
  • Pierre Sinters : the valley of the Yerres is rich in monuments megalithic, and one does not count less than three whole with Brunoy. One can thus admire close to the Perronet bridge Pierre Fritte (i.e. “stone driven out of ground”); historic building.
  • the Bridge Perronet : rebuilt in 1780 in the place of a bridge out of wooden carried in a rising by an architect of reputation, Jean-Rodolphe Perronet, manufacturer amongst other things of the Bridge of the Harmony in Paris, it spans Yerres and makes it possible to connect two banks of the city. Its parapet is decorated with superb a Greek. Interesting point of view on the old city and the Saint M3edard's Day Church; classified historic building (1991).
  • the Bridge of Soulins : older bridge of Brunoy (1745), the bridge of Soulins constitutes, with the gloriette and the small islands on the Yerres, a picturesque framework; Registered voter with the inventory of the Historic buildings (1987).

Museum

Museum Robert-Dubois Corneau

Old residence of the collector (1876 - 1951), the Museum Robert Dubois-Corneau, several times renovated, presents, on two stages of exposure, all the history of the city and its surroundings since prehistory until our days. Four temporary exhibitions per annum. Museum of France.

Twinnings

The town of Brunoy is twinned with several communes:

She also sponsors the village of Corbi () and, beyond Europe, signed a pact of friendship with the town of Mendoza (Argentinian).

See too

Common of the Essonne

External bonds

  • Official site
  • Brunoy Practices
  • Société of art, history and archeology of the valley of Yerres (SAHAVY)
  • Association the Menhir-Brunoy Ecology
  • satellite Carte
  • Brunoy in old postcards
  • Site of the college Talma
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