Brown swiss

---- |----- |----- | colspan=2 align=" center" | |----- |----- ! bgcolor=" pink" colspan=" 2" | Name binominal Boss taurus
or Boss primigenius taurus,
or Boss primigenius F. taurus
Linnaeus, 1758 |----- |----- | Origin | The United States and Canada |----- | Diffusion | World |----- | Size | Large |----- | Dress | Linked brown-gray |----- | Use | Dairy |----- |} The brown swiss is an American bovine race.

Origin

Switzerland

It belongs to the brown Rameau European. The translation of its name gives “Swiss brown”, which indicates that this race is only the exported alternative of the brown . The cow queen of the east of Switzerland interested the American stockbreeders. The arrival of brown on the new continent was done at the 19th century, (1869 with the the United States, 1888 with the Canada) in optics to have a dairy race adapted better than the Holstein to the zones with hard climatic conditions and more effective transformer with coarse fodder than one finds on the granitic grounds.

Selection

In fact, the selection carried out in America really modified the initial race so much so that one can regard it as different from that of origin.
First of all the breeding in stalling without transhumance made it possible to preserve the individuals less adapted to walk, and in particular the cows whose udder was very developed. Then, the selection related on the dairy aptitude and the structure of the udder. Thus, the udder gradually gained on the thickness of the thigh, giving a cow whose morphology approaches that of Holstein. The mixed aptitude was forsaken, the carcass being refined to become more angular. The history will retain the name of “Jane de Vermont”, a cow born into 1928 which reached 10700 kg in lactation and lived 17 years. Its sons integrated centers of selection and deeply influenced the breeding brown swiss.
Cette continuous selection on a rate/rhythm raised, since the production passed from 6250 to 7920 kg by lactation between 1990 and 2000, with the detriment of the richness of milk. (light fall of the matter rate dries) the record quoted on the site of " brown swiss Québec" is of 12950 kg.

Retour of the things, this race saw its seed massively exported since the Années 1970 towards Europe, to improve the productivity of the local brown livestock.

Morphology

It wears a dress brown-gray with alternatives of tone going from gray wheat to slate. Its ears have the interior with long white hairs like cuddly toy. The horns are removed for safety reasons.

Aptitudes

It is a dairy race.

It produces nearly 9000 kg by lactation, at the butyric rate of 4% and proteinic rate of 3,5%. This composition of milk makes of it the best cow for the cheese-making transformation into North America.
It is adapted to the conditions climatic and pedological difficult: it produces on acid grounds with the thin vegetation and coriace and it supports the climate of mountain of its country of origin, like that of hotter zones.
It has also a very good aptitude for the machine milking and the shape of its udder in fact dairy powerful.
It is also a flexible race, some jugant it even amorphous and its longevity, up to fifteen years, is very interesting.
It is a good mother who vèle without problem thanks to her broad basin, even in crossing with races bouchères. The sale of calves brings more financial appreciable. In extensive breeding, it nourishes well sonveau which grows bigger very quickly.

Notes and references of the article

See too

List of the bovine races
Bovine | bovine breeding
bovine breeding in the United States

External bonds and documents

Card of the race brown swiss.
Site of the stockbreeders québéquois of the race brown swiss.
Site of the BSA, Brown Swiss Association .

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