Breton léonard

The Breton léonard is the Dialecte Breton which speaks itself in the Leon, namely the North-West of the Finistere. In the east, towards Morlaix, this dialect is influenced by the Trégorois, in the south, while approaching the Élorn, it is influenced by the Cornouaillais. It is it should be noted that there is a linguistic Continuum in all the Breton-speaking Brittany, and that there are not thus real borders between the various dialects from the Breton one.

Léonard

Traditionally, the Leon is the “ground of the priests” because number of the priests who officiated in Low-Brittany were formed with the seminar in this area. The works of religion were mainly composed in this area and this dialect, and so an important part Breton arts person (out vannetais) came mainly from léonard a long time, beside the Breton trégorrois which also has a great written tradition. This fact was accentuated by work of Jean-François Gonidec (1775 - 1838), " reizher rear brezhoneg" (codifier of language), which based its linguistic, lexicographical studies and its spelling reform mainly on the Breton one of its area, and which had an enormous impact in the history of the Breton arts person, this until our days.

Léonard is divided into two under-dialects (which them-even are divided into local speeches): the Breton one of the Low-Leon (in the west) and that of the High-Leon (in the east). Let us see now which are the characteristics of this dialect of North-Finistere.

Morphology of léonard

the termination of the Verb S at the present of the indicative and the Impératif 2nd person of plural is - it (where elsewhere in Brittany one says - and)
In consequence of the subsistence of “v” and “Z” intervocalic, of many verbs preserves a long form, where one has forms syncopated in the other speeches: lavarout (lâret out of the Leon), in devezo (in C), amndt bezo (amndt bo), has vezo (vo has), ankounac' haat (ankouaat, ankoueshaat)…
infinitives in - out is generally developed in - vezout . As follows: talvezout, falvezout against talvout, fallout
One uses old forms of the verb being ez have (“there is”) and edo (“to be”, with last) where they were replaced by other forms (zo and E oa respectively) in the majority of the other speeches.
the Possessive adjective 1e nobody of the singular (my, my, my in French) is often goes (my in the other dialects)
the termination 2nd person of the sing. Préposition S “combined” (see further) is often - ez as a Leon (who is a verbal termination in the beginning; the other dialects in general use - it for these prepositions)
the termination 3rd person of the pl. of the combined prepositions is - O as a Leon (where one has - E for the other dialects).
internal plurals are numerous: azen > ezen, oan > ein…

Syntax of léonard

The system of the changes is that of Breton traditional or literary (because this last is especially based on the Breton one of the Leon in the beginning), one thus finds it in all the books of training of the Breton one. sometimes

possessive the az is followed lenitive change (instead of hardening into Breton traditional)
the verbal particles are seldom elided
in front of the forms of the verb to be and of the verb to go starting with a Voyelle, the verbal particles `' has'' and `' E'' take the forms `' ay'' and `' ez'' respectively. Hennezh ay oa arm. Da goes bro ez year.
one uses sometimes the possessive adjectives as pronouns personnel COD (it is also the case vannetais some, but not in the other dialects); this employment is dominating in front of the verbal name (`' infinitive'').
the sound it H resulting from the change of G is different from that resulting from the change from K. First is sound and decides/ɣ/, second is deaf: /χ/.

Phonology of léonard

old the Diphtongue written today decides /aw/ as a Leon: ur paotr /ˡœr pawtr/.
the E accentuated are often diphthongs in /ea/ as a Leon. Kêr/ˡkear/
the historical diphthong becomes /oa/ (two syllables): koad/ˡkoat/, bez' ez oa/ˡbed ez ˡoa/…
/o/ are closed in /u/ in front of the nasal ones and sometimes in front of L and R. Don/ˡdu: N, brezhoneg /bre ˡzunɛk/, dorn/ˡdurn/…
the old written nasal vowels and < iñ > are dénasalisées as a Leon, except sometimes for the combined prepositions: diwezhañ /di ˡveːza/, gwerzhañ /g øˡɛrza/, but gantañ, often/ˡgɑ͂ntɑ͂/.
the preceding I or E decides /v/. Ar wezenn /ar ˡveːzɛn/
“Z léonards” (Z resulting from the evolution of a historical/ð/) are marked. Nevez/ˡneːvɛs/
H etymological never get along as a Leon. Hadañ/ˡaːda/
the is pronounced like hard fricative a uvular deaf person. It hoari/ˡχwaːri/
the terminations plural <-toù>, <-doù> becomes/ʃu/and/ʒu/respectively. Pontoù/ˡpu͂ːʃu/, koadoù/ˡkwaːʒu/
the and preceding a < I > often decide/ʃ/. Gwrizienn/ˡgriːʃɛn/
As a High-Leon, one observes a vocalic contamination in certain words: leveret (
Of many verbs shows a métathèse in their verbal name: dalc' H > verbal name derc' hel, taol- > verbal name teurel…
the R are generally rolled.
the continuation decides /gr/ as a Leon. Gwreg /gr ɛk/

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