Bourreuse
A bourreuse (the exact term is levelling bourreuse-adjuster-car, because the modern machines fulfill these three functions, which was not the case of the first machines) is a machine of railway work being used for the “compaction” of the ballast under the Traverse S.
The machine acts via vibrating metal beaters, the Bourroir S, which are plunged on each side of the cross-pieces and which compress the layer of ballast by mechanical tightening. The double vibratory and compressive action constitutes the stuffing .
The operation is carried out at the same time as a correction of the layout, longitudinal and transverse levelling (warped) of the way. This correction intervenes by recording the level of each file rail since it is impossible to lower it.
One distinguishes bourreuses from current way of bourreuses of trackside equipment (commonly called Aiguillage S, wrongly).
Bourreuses of ways can stuff from one to three cross-pieces simultaneously according to the models.
The operation of stuffing is carried out in two situations:
- when the geometry of the way worsens from circulations, one carries out a stuffing of maintenance of which the goal is primarily to give again with the way a geometry in conformity with the speed of reference of the line;
- at the time of operations of replacement of ballast or construction of new ways, the stuffing makes it possible to compact by successive layers the new ballast laid out under the cross-pieces. At the time of an operation of replacement of cross-pieces (continuation MRT) bourreuse known as callous ensures the stuffing without raising of the way.