See also: Bosnia

Historically and geographically, the area known under the name of Bosnia (locally Bosna/Босна ) includes/understands the northern part of the current State of Bosnia-Herzégovine. It is located in the the dinaric Alps, until the southernmost limit of the flat of Pannonia, the rivers Save and Drina marking its borders north and east.

Approximate surface of Bosnia east of approximately 41  000 km ², is approximately 80% of the territory of the current State of Bosnia-Herzégovine. Officially, there does not exist political or geographical border with the southernmost area of the Herzégovine, although the subject is regularly discussed. The two areas formed since the Moyen-âge a common geopolitical entity, and the term “  Bosnia   ” is often used wrongly to indicate the complete State (Bosnia and Herzégovine), and thus also the area of Herzégovine.

History

In 1137, the lords of Bosnia (Rowed) join the kingdom of Hungary-Croatia whose sovereign carries from now on also the title of “Rex Ramae”. Intervening in the dynastic quarrels of the Hungarian crown, the emperor Manual Ier Comnène, seized in 1167 the Bosnia and of southernmost Croatia but its death the end of the Byzantine presence in the Balkans marked. Béla III of Hungary (1172-1196) accepted the allegiance of the round of applause Kulin of Bosnia and prince Miroslav de Chulmie (Herzégovine current). The sovereign of the Croatian kingdom subjected Bosnia in 1237 definitively. With the dislocation of the authority of the last representatives of the royal family of Arpadiens, the Croatian princes of Bribir - resulting from the family of Šubić - became particularly influential in Bosnia about 1300. (Charles Robert of Hungary) succeeds in seizing in 1322 the chief the house Bribir and thus affirmed its authority on the north and the west of current Bosnia. The round of applause of Bosnia Etienne Cotroman benefitted from it to annex in Bosnia the Countries of the West. As from this time, the banat of Bosnia included/understood the majority of the territory of the current State of Bosnia-Herzégovine.

By its marriage with Elisabeth Kotromanić - the girl of the round of applause of Bosnia - Louis Ier of Hungary acquired Chulmie (Herzégovine Western current). In 1366, it forced its ally, the round of applause of Bosnia, Tvrtko - which had rebelled against Hungary - to recognize its authority again. But after the death of the last large king of the dynasty of Angevins of Naples, the banat of Bosnia émancipa definitively of the supervision hungaro-Croatian and became an independent kingdom which included the major part of Dalmatie. Tvrtko Ier (1338-1391), of the Croatian family of Kotromanić, was made crown king de Bosnie and of Dalmatie in 1377. As his/her mother was Serb dynasty of Nemanjić, it benefitted from it to be made crown at the same time king of Serbia, of which it controlled also a part.

In 1463, the Othoman practically seized Bosnia without fighting battle. Matthias Ier of Hungary succeeds with tore off with sultant Mahomet II the fortress of Jajce and organized two banats against the Turkish incursions into septentrional Bosnia. But the remainder of Bosnia and Herzégovine succumbed under the Turkish attacks in 1482. Bosnia was integrated for four centuries in the Ottoman Empire (1463 - 1878). The Sanjak of Bosnia included/understood also Herzégovine until the middle of the 19th century. The area took the name of “  Bosnia and Herzégovine  ” in 1853 following political replannings.

The Party of the right of Ante Starcević is created in Croatia 1861; its program preaches the reunification and independence with regard to Vienna of all the " territories croates" , Bosnia included/understood. The Croatian bishop of Djakovo, Josip J. Strossmayer, works out the first programme of unification of Slavic of the South (1866) of Monarchy under name, then new, of “Yugoslavian” (south-Slavic). The first “Yugoslav” congress is held in Ljubljana in 1870. Following the Congress of Berlin of 1878, Auriche-Hungary occupies Bosnia-Herzégovine after the Croatian insurrection of Herzégovine. In 1908 Auriche-Hungary entirely annexes Bosnia-Herzégovine and opposes at the same time the expansionist aimings of Serbia with regard to this province. The attack of Sarajevo, perpetrated in 1914 against the crown prince François-Ferdinand to Austria by the young Serb nationalist Gavrilo Princip, starts the First World War.

For the posterior period at the Second world war, to see History of Bosnia-Herzégovine .