See also: Pasternak

Boris Leonidovitch Pasternak (in), born the February 10th 1890 with Moscow and dead the May 31st 1960 with Peredelkino close to Moscow, was a poet and Russian writer .

Biography

Wire of a professor of painting and a pianist, it passed his youth in a cosmopolitan atmosphere. He studied the Philosophie in Germany where he resided one year with his family. He went back to Moscow in 1914 where he wove bonds with the local futuristic group. He published this same year its first collection of poetry “ a twin in the clouds ” who hardly had echo near the public.

Its second collection, “ Over the barriers ” (1917) had the same fate. In its two early works tried by the movements of Avant-garde, Pasternak still seeks its way, one detects there already the talent " musical" of the poet who moves away it from the symbolism to bring it closer to the Futurisme. Pasternak will be affirmed with its following collection, “ My sister the life ” (1917) which circulates in the form of manuscript until 1922 before being published this year.

During the First World War, it taught and worked in a chemical plant in the the Ural; what gave him matter for its saga later famous Doctor Jivago several years. It fell in disgrace near the Soviet authorities during the Années 1930; shown subjectivism - its books speak about last and not of the present, its style is poetic and not Socialist -, he managed nevertheless not to be sent in a Gulag. In addition to its family, it had starting from 1947 a Love affair impassioned with Olga Ivinskaïa which will inspire to the character of Lara in Doctor Jivago to him.

The publication in 1957 of the Doctor Jivago , worthy heir to the traditional tradition of the Romance Russian, justifies the decision of the Swedish Académie which grants the Nobel Prize to Pasternak on October 23rd, 1958. That starts the anger of the Soviet authorities, regarding the author as a “agent of the Occident capitalist, anticommunist and anti-patriotic”, which was forced to decline the reward, saving itself him like with its close relations of heavy sanctions.

He dies two years later of the continuations of a Cancer. On its bed of death, he had said to his wife: " The life was beautiful, very beautiful, but it is also necessary to die a day. I liked the life and toi." (extracted from " The phantom of Staline" of Vladimir Fédorovski).

Doctor Jivago will appear in the USSR only in 1988 with the favor of the Perestroïka

Works

• a twin in the clouds (1914)
• Over the barriers (1917)
• My sister the life (1917)
• Safe conduct (1927)
• Doctor Jivago

External bonds

Boris Pasternak: the biography, photographs, poetry and articles critical