Borassus

The rônier or borasse ( Borassus ) is one of Palmier S which includes/understands nine S native of the tropical areas of Africa sahélienne, the Ethiopia, the Niger, the Nigeria, the north of the Togo, the Senegal…, of Asia and New Guinea.

Description

In fact palm trees of big size develop a feather-grass smooth and gray which can reach 30 meters height. They can have several trunks. The Feuille S are long, in range, flabelliformes and can measure up to two or three meters length. The Pétiole is thorny. The Inflorescence S males measure nearly two meters, and include/understand flowers made up of 3 sepals, 3 petals and 6 cheesecloths and short pistils. The Fruit S are gathered in tight bunches. They are ovoid or globulous, smooth of yellow color chestnut or orange.

Classification

Its subgroup includes/understands three other kinds: Latania, Borassodendron, Lodoicea.

Species

  • Borassus aethiopium - Tropical Africa

  • Borassus akeassii Bayton, Ouedraogo & Guinko - Burkina Faso
  • Borassus deleb , Becc. Sudan.
  • Borassus dichotomus , White the Indies Eastern, Southeast Asia.
  • Borassus heineana , Becc. New Guinea.
  • Borassus flabellifer , Kampuchea, L. Sri Lanka, India, Southeast Asia, Malaysia, New Guinea.
  • Borassus madagascariensis , Bojer & Becc. Madagascar,
  • Borassus sambiranensis , Binocular & Perrier, north of Madagascar, Mayotte
  • Borassus sundaica , Becc. Sudan.
  • Borassus tunicata , Lour. Vietnam.

Culture and use

The Borassus palm trees economically very useful and are very cultivated in the tropical areas.

They very widespread in India, where they are, as in Africa, are used of more than 800 different manners. The sheets are used to make baskets, hats, umbrellas and paper. The root S, the sheets and the petioles, provide solid vegetable fibers, used to make barriers, bow nets, plaits, ropes, brushes, brushes and pieces of furniture. The Bois is black, hard, solid and durable, which gives him a great value in the construction industry. The tree is also used for its food values. The young seedlings are cooked like Légume S, are roasted or crushed. The fruits are consumed believed or cooked, green or ripe. One also prepares a frost with seeds. One can obtain a Sève sweetened, called in India toddy , starting from the young inflorescences, whether those are male or female. The sap is then fermented to produce a brevage, or is concentrated in a syrup called gross in English jaggery . It is also called Gula Jawa (Sugar Javanese) in Indonesia, where it is very much used in the Javanese kitchen. The sap of the species Borassus flabellifer , as of other parts of the plant are also known to have medicinal virtues.

Threatened species

Two species of Borassus are threatened. According to the red List of the UICN, the Borassus madagascariensis is classified like Vulnérable (A1c) and the Borassus sambiranensis is classified as in Danger (A1c).

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