Blue

Characteristics

It is about the one of the three primary colors in the additive synthesis. The cyan which is a nuance of blue is also one of the three primary colors in the subtractive synthesis (printing works, painting).

Although the sky and the sea are blue, this color is rare in nature: for example there are much less blue flowers than red or yellow flowers. In addition it should be noted that the human eye distinguishes less nuances in blue than it does not distinguish any in the other colors.

Thus, before the arrival of the Pigment S of synthesis, the blue Pigment S were rarer and more expensive. This is why this color symbolized the richness.

This difficulty of producing blue proved still recently on the level of the electroluminescent diodes. The first luminous diodes (red and green, then yellow and oranges) were invented and produced in the years 1960, but it was necessary to await the end of the year 1990 (more than 30 years!) so that one manages to produce blue diodes.

It is a traditionally qualified color of cold in opposition to the hot colors (yellow, orange, red) which are the colors of fire.

Pigments

the Guède, plant of Europe whose sheets contain indigotin , used as of the Celte S and of which the broyat form the Pastel;
the Indigotier, shrub coming from India, Africa, America or the the Middle East, from which one extracts the Indigo, dyeing of better quality that the guède and having supplanted the latter at the XIXe century;
the Lapis lazuli, hard stone, coming from the East, used in the form of broyat
Oxides and silicates of Copper.
the Prussian blue , discovered in 1704 with Berlin by Heinrich Diesbach and Johann Conrad Dippel. It is produced by reaction of potash on sulfate of Fer. He manages to supplant the indigo at the end of the XIXe century, in spite of a poor resistance to the light.
Nowadays, it acts primarily of dyes of synthesis.

Klein blue

In 1960, the artist Yves Klein patented a kind of particularly major blue, under the name International Klein Blue (IKB). Between 1960 and 1961, Klein painted fifteen monochromic in blue IKB, of which one of most famous, IKB 3 , is exposed to the Center Georges-Pompidou with Paris.

Table of the food blue dyes

Expressions, variations and uses

In Heraldic, blue is called azure .
blue is the color of clothing of the uniformed policemen and the gendarmes in France and in other countries.
It is the color of the stopper of the semi-skimmed milk bottles (in opposition to the Rouge for full-cream milk).
a small blue pastille placed in its medium indicates the cool water tap (in opposition to the Rouge for warm water). Formerly made out of ceramics or porcelain, it is today a small plastic pastille.
With the Armed , and in certain professional environments, a “blue” is initial, a young recruit without experiment (one also says “blue Bite” or “bleusaille”);
to be made have like a blue: like a beginner
a bluestocking: intellectual woman, écrivaine (pejorative)
To have blue blood is the sign of the nobility, not only in reference to that of the eyes but that a little melanized skin makes it possible more clearly to see the network of the veins. The expression “to have blue blood” would come in fact from medieval Spain, where the kings, spending all their time sitting on their throne, had a bad blood circulation, from where the blue color of their blood.
blue Belly, palsembleu, corbleu, maugrebleu, parcorbleu, morbleu, parbleu, sacrebleu, tubleu, vertubleu and other formed swearwords of a voluntary deterioration of " name of dieu" , in order to avoid a sacrilege (it is thought but it is not said);
a blue collar (of work) is a workman whereas a White collar is an employee (of office);
To be “blue flower”: to be naive, dreamer or romantic;
the blue Ruban is the symbol for a record of speed in particular the crossing of the Atlantique in boat;
In data processing it is the color of reference of IBM (“Big Blue”) and it was a time that of the funds of screen of the OS of Microsoft before the advent of Windows;
a blue screen is a fatal error of the Operating system Windows;
In the Sport S collectives like the Football, “the Blue ones” designates the national team of France, according to the color of the shirt; between 1914 and 1941 (when it comparable with was combined after the rout of 1940) it was the color of the uniform of the French Army and thus indirectly that of the majority to the House of Commons of 1919;
Saying: “the blue eyes go to the skies, the gray eyes with the paradise, the green eyes in hell, the black eyes with the purgatory. ”
“blue Eyes: eyes of in love”
great blue indicates the ocean, the sea the sea;
Tarbouch, Tarbouche: Hairstyle carried by the men in the Middle East (in particular in Egypt and Turkey), which is composed of red a cloth bonnet surrounded by a decorated generally white turban of a blue silk nipple.
the “blues” (“blue” in English) is a state of melancholy ( spleen );
the “Blues” is also a Musical genre; the “blue note” ( blue note ) is the fourth note of the range blues (increased quad), which distinguishes it from the minor pentatonic Gamme;
the Methylene blue is a product used in Biologie for the coloring of the cells for their observation, and in Médecine like Antiseptique;
the Bleu of bromothymol is an indicator chemical used to determine the acidity (pH) of a solution.
blue is used by defect as color for the bonds hypertexts not used, the purple one being used for the bonds hypertexts already used.
With billiards, “blue” is a chalk which makes it possible the tail to adhere on the white one to give him effects.
“supply meter” EDF launched in the years 1960. The blue tariff of EDF.
the cartridges of the Campingaz mark are blue. The blue color is associated with gas because this one produced a non luminous flame during its combustion.
the “blue Train” was the generic name given to the night trains of the SNCF and other companies (International Company of the Sleeping cars for example), the coaches being of color blue harms. It was also the name of a Tramway of blue color making the Lyon line - Fountains - Neuville.
With the Black and the Vert sinks, blue is one of the three colors generally used for the bags dustbins of great volumes.
With the red, the yellow and the green, blue is one of the four colors adopted by the European Community for the containers and dustbins of the Recycling. The blue containers are in theory intended to receive the magazines, newspapers, directories and leaflet (for the recycling of paper).
the German mark Blaupunkt (known for its car radios) has as a symbol a blue point screen printed on its apparatuses. Blaupunkt does not mean exactly blue in German.

By analogy and by metonymy

In Bobologie, a “blue” is a Ecchymose, épanchement of Sang located under the Peau, often due to a traumatism (shock, blow).
In printing works, a blue is a monochromic test or the values of gray become values of blue being used for the chock of the models inter alia, because the emulsions used by the photoengravers are not sensitive to the blue color. The blue ones were used a long time for the setting colors of the cartoons. The use of the blue lost of its importance with the numerical practices.
blue Gold: richness represented by the sea and tourism which is dependant there.
“Blue” the indicates the team of France of football.
the overalls, the overalls, is a clothing of blue color used for dirtying work. The Salopette of Coluche was with blue stripes and Blanc hes.
Great Blue is a Franco-Italian Film of adventure carried out by Luc Besson.
Three Colors: Blue is a film of Krzysztof Kieślowski, first shutter of the trilogy Bleu /Blanc/Rouge.
the blue Train ( The Mystery off the Blue Train ) is a Detective novel written by Agatha Christie.
the blue Lotus is an album of Cartoon of the series the adventures of Tintin and Milou .
the blue Ruban created in 1860 is a competition between transatlantic maritime companies become a race of catamarans thereafter.

In gastronomy

Among the Cheese S, “blue” are cheeses with the cow's milk whose paste contains Champignon S forming of the blue veins, like the Bleu of Bresse; to see the article Blue-veined cheeses;
blue is a cooking just roasted on the two faces and tepid in the center (steak);
a Truite known as is cooked with blue when it is poached in vinegar what makes transfer its color with blue. The method of cooking to blue requires that the trout has just been killed right before its cooking. The firmness and the savor of trout are thus preserved.
a Cordon-bleu cook is a fine gastronome.

Symbolic system

In the Hindouisme, the divinity Krishna, whose name means blue-black, is presented under the features of one man to the blue skin.
blue becomes in France royal color since the Capétien S.
blue is generally a color associated with the boys, in opposition to the pink for the girls.
In French policy, it symbolizes the rather preserving mediums. In the United States of America it is the reverse, since it symbolizes the democrats (liberal, classified rather left) whereas the red symbolizes the republicans (preserving).
In the Wars of the Vendée, during the French revolution, the name of Bleus was given to the soldiers of the republican army by the royalists, because of the color of their uniform.
blue is a color which symbolizes peace, the calm one and pleasure. She points out the sky to us and invites to the spiritual escape. This is why the flags of UNO and Europe are blue, the soldiers of UNO have the nickname of “blue helmets”.
This color is also symbol of freshness and purity. Reason for which the maintenance products for the WC or the panes are generally coloured in blue. The detergents also contain supposed blue grains to give more whiteness to the linen (in fact a light blue coloring compensates for the yellowing of white fabrics). The effervescent seals intended to clean the dental apparatuses are also coloured in blue.
In the code of colors of electrical resistances and the condensers, the blue color corresponds to figure 6, the multiplier x10, an accuracy of 0,25% and a coefficient of tempréature of 10ppm. In the standard CEI 60757, one names it DRUNK (abbreviation of blue).
In the road signs, the round panels at blue bottom indicate an obligation.
In electricity, single-phase current, the blue wire corresponds to the neutral, and the red with the phase. In three-phase current: blue = neutral, red = phase1, noir=phase2, chestnut = phase3, green and yellow = wire of ground.
blue Belt: Rank of training of the Judo and the Karate corresponding to the 2^e kyu (8^e level).
the blue ribbon ''' ''' is a symbol for a record of speed, in particular the crossing of the Atlantique in boat.
In the esoteric theory of the “7 Rays” the “Ray Blue” would be the ray of the Michael archangel.
blue makes us think of peace, the sea, the sky…
blue symbolizes also the fear, blue anger.

Beings, things and objects

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