Black peak
The black Pic ( Dryocopus martius ) is largest of the European peaks. Its size can reach 51 cm. It is a peak with the black plumage, except a red cap in the male (only the nape of the neck in the female). It is a forest bird with the very sound tambourinage, forests of Hêtre S and conifers.
In operational trees, in general of the beeches in plain, it digs a cavity of big size in the shape of well (being able to go up to 50 cm) in which it installs its Nid. The female generally lays 3-4 eggs whose incubation is short (12 days). The young people leave the nest at the end of 28 days.
Apart from the period of reproduction, it is a sedentary, territorial and solitary bird. Its cabins are re-used like nesting box by many other species like the Chouette of Tengmalm, the Martre of the pines, the Choucas of the turns for example or, more astonishing, by the Barrot in eye of gold, a duck of the north of the Europe.
Originating in the mountain forests of the north and the center of Europe, the black Pic is expanding in plain and towards the Atlantic areas since the beginning of the Années 1960, without one being able to really explain the reason of it. Perhaps a modification of the forestry practices, but the ornithologists lose themselves in conjectures.
Subspecies
Three subspecies are described at the black peak. The subspecies martius is widespread in the zone Paléarctique, of France and the Scandinavia in the north of the Japan; the subspecies pinetorum is present south and center of Europe at the north of the Iran; the subspecies khamensis , smaller, lives in the west of the China. It should be noted, however, that the subspecies pinetorum is regarded more and more today as synonym of martius .
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