Bioscope
The bioscope is an apparatus Optique being used to reproduce images or photographs.
The bioscope of Jules Duboscq (1850) or stéréofantascope , is composed of two drums which turn in a synchronous way in front of the objectives of a Stéréoscope, with an aim of reconstituting the relief and the movement. This system could animate photographs, but could not take some.
The bioscope of Georges Demeny (1895), competitor of the Cinematograph of the brothers Light, is coupled with a biographer . The biographer plays the part of recorder of the images, and the bioscope (from the apparatus chronophotographic of Etienne-Jules Marey) is used as reproducer. The images taken on films by the biographer are cut out then stuck crowns some on a disc of glass. The disc is then placed in the bioscope, then actuated with a crank. These discs could be adapted for a Magic lantern.
The bioscope of the German max Skladanowski (1895) used two films of forty-eight images each one, for one duration of projection not exceeding ten seconds. Skladanowski proclaimed the first inventor of the animated photographs projected on a screen, and the name of bioscope was used a long time to indicate the cinema in the countries Germanophone S.
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