Bioreactor

Definition

A bioreactor is used for the culture of the Microorganisme S (microscopic Levures, Bactéries, mushrooms, Algues, animal and vegetable cells).
Contrary to the simpler systems used to make push Micro-organism S, as for examples the flasks, the bioreactor allows to control the conditions of culture (temperature, pH, ventilation, etc), and from this fact, it allows to collect information of greater reliability.
The models of laboratory go from 0,5 to 15 liters. Models employed for the tests for industrialization (called " pilotes") go from 20 to 1000 liters, whereas those intended for the industrial production can exceed the 1000m ³ (case of the production of ethanol).

Description

A bioreactor comprises:

a tank or enclosure out of glass (for the models of laboratory) or out of stainless steel
a stopper so necessary not to let pass the air of the interior medium and that of the external medium
a syringe with Catheter to inject a solution
a system of agitation comprising one or more turbines according to their size
Of the sensors for the level, , temperature measurement (Thermometer) p H (PH-meter) dissolved oxygen concentration (oxymetric probe)…
a system of control managed by computer allowing to record and control all them parameters of operation

The bioréacteurs allow the manufacture of many products:

Beer, yoghourts
vaccines, Antibiotic, Antibody, Vitamins, organic acid

A fermenter is built in general on the model of a bioreactor without however of system of ventilation. In the field of biotechnology, the term of fermenter is sometimes used without any distinction compared to that of bioreactor. It makes it possible to differentiate the type of culture (bacterium, yeast for fermenter and cells animal for bioreactor).

The bioréacteurs are in general built on the same chemical models as the engine S.

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