Biology of the populations

The Biologie of the populations studies living it on the level of the biological Populations, in term of Biodiversité, evolution, and biology of the Environnement.
La biology of the populations is taught in the French Universités, starting from the level of the third year of license (" L3" , since the reform of LMD).

History

Malthus can be regarded as a precursor of the biology of the populations, even if it were an economist of formation and that it forever employed the biology term of the populations. Although its work An Essay one the Principle off Population treats only human populations for the greatest part, it inspired Charles Darwin for his own work The Origin off Species .

Darwin wrote thus in his Autobiographie in 1876: “In October 1838, that is, fifteen months after I had begun my systematic inquiry, I happened to read for recreation Malthus one Population, and being well prepared to appreciate the struggle for existence which everywhere goes one from long continued observation off the clothes off animals and seedlings, it At ounce struck me that under thesis circumstances favourable variations would tightens to Be preserved, and unfavourable ones to Be destroyed. The results off this would Be the formation off has new species. Young stag, then I had At last got has theory by which to work”.

Modeling of the populations

It is also possible to model the evolution of an initial population thanks to Chaînes of Markov. For that, it is necessary: To define a field of modeling To define an initial population To define a rule of behavior (multiplication, displacement, death,…) (this rule generally comprises a random process) To define one () condition (S) of stop (population, time,…) Then to launch the model, and to look at what one obtains! This type of model can apply to step things badly (human population, evolution of the species in an wooded area, evolution of a disease,…).

Another base of the biology of the populations is the equation of Lotka-Volterra.

One uses values such as the Natalité, the Fécondité, the Mortalité, and the migration.

Random links: