Biocénose

In ecology, a biocénose (or bioceonose ) indicates the coexistent whole of the living beings in a definite space (the Biotope).
Un biotope and its biocénose associated are in constant interactions; they constitute a ecosystem. The space and temporal limits of a biocénose are those of the homogeneous populations which they describe. A change of population corresponds to a change of biocénose, observed on a step of sufficient time.

The term of biocénose was invented and introduced into the scientific literature by the German biologist Karl August Möbius in 1877, whereas he studied the Huître S after he noted that, in these animals like others, it was necessary to not place the framework of study on the level of the individual, but of the whole of the individuals.

One with the practice to divide the biocénose into two:

- the Phytocoenosis S, which gathers the plant species;
- the Zoocénose, which gathers the animal species.

In the case of the cultivated arable lands (which constitute a particular ecosystem, the Agrosystème S), one speaks sometimes about Agrobiocénose to indicate the biocénose.

The study of the biocénoses is made by the ecologist S. It is a delicate work in the complex ecosystems (tropical in particular), and also in the seamen circles.

To describe a biocénose, the ecologist is interested in his “higher levels” (Biome, écozone), and in his “levels lower” than are for example the vegetable Association (Phytosociologie), the niche, the guild, the trophic network, etc They is also interested under-sytèmes, such as the successions of invertebrates colonizing a died tree, a corpse, a died plant, etc
Les biocénoses and their space-time evolutions have a value bioindicatrice; they can for example highlight Pollution S or the first effects of the Climate change.

See too

External bonds

  • page on the methods of inventory of a biocénose
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