Bile
The bile is a yellow-greenish fluid, basic (pH ranging between 7,6 and 8,6) which supports the Digestion, more specifically that of greases. It is produced uninterrupted by the liver at a rate of 0,5 to 1 L per day.
Composition
- biliary acids (and their biliary salts), which takes part in the Digestion, - the ions bicarbonates and other electrolytes, - trace elements, - Phospholipides (Lecithin), - Cholesterol (made soluble by biliary salts and lecithin), - biliary pigments (like the Bilirubine, coming from the degradation of the Hemoglobin).
Formation
The bile is an organic liquid secreted and recycled by the Foie (up to one liter per day).
Between the meals, the bile runs out through the Canal cystic until the Gall bladder where it is stored and concentrated.
The chyme rich in fatty-acids coming from the stomach is perceived by the wall of the duodenum. This one produced of Cholécystokinine which causes the opening of the sphincter of oddi and the contraction of the gall bladder which pours its contents via the channel of cholédoque in the duédonum, where it takes part in the dissolution of greases.
Main roles of the bile :
It neutralizes the acid gastric chyme resulting from the stomach, thanks to basic ions bicarbonates. It allows also the formation of micelles (emulsion) allowing the digestion of greases by pancreatic lipase and other enzymes and finally their absorption by the small intestine. The bile then transforms the Chyme into Chyle.
At the nondigestive level, it allows the excretion of certain drugs (active ingredients and metabolites are found in deposit).
The bile takes part in the role of detoxication of the organization by the liver.
Pathology
Its retention which can have various causes (Gallstone, Cancer…) is cause of Ictère. It can also be régugitée at the time of vomiting.
See too
black Bile
Simple: Bile
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