Biennial Rotation
The biennial Assolement belongs to an agrarian system in which the cultivated part ( ager ) is divided into two plates. This rotation is typical in particular Mediterranean zones .
Operation
The biennial Assolement supposes the division of the Finage cultivated in two plates: a cereal plate of winter (mainly of the Corn) and a plate of Fallow.The cycle begin with corn sown with the autumn from the year NR. It is collected in June or July of the N+1 year. Thatches are then delivered to the inhabitants who exert to them Right of use: glanage of the grains, common grazing land until the beginning of the Fallow N+2 in March, i.e. tillage for the wheat acreage. The fallow consists then of surface passages to the Araire to eliminate bad grasses by simple extraction from the ground, and to support the assimilation of the Fumier brought by the breeding. The ground is thus prepared for new cereal sowing of winter N+2 in October.
Extended
In France, the biennial rotation related to the Mediterranean basin, low the Vallée of the Rhone, the Massif Central. At the European level one finds it all around the the Mediterranean.
History
The biennial rotation functioned in a collective way in the majority of the soils. Its operation is conditioned with the existence of a saltus (Friche, Lande) in the vicinity, or of a Forêt for the renewal of the fertility by the breeding (Ovin mainly). Historically, it is the rotation par excellence Roman villas. In the Mediterranean countries the contribution of the ager is very often increased fruits of the orchards (vine, citrus fruits, etc) and olive-tree.
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