Bien-orden

The simony is, for the Christian , the purchase and the sale of spiritual goods, particularly of an ecclesiastical load.

It owes its name with a character of the Acts of the Apostles, Simon the Magician who wanted to buy with holy Pierre his capacity to make miracles (Acts, VIII.9-21), which was worth to him the judgment of the Apôtre: “ That your money perishes with you, since you believed that the gift of God was acquired at money price! ”.

The principle

As of the 9th century, many Abbot S and bishop S are thus obliged to enter the system feodo-vassalic. The Seigneur S then regarded the church S and their goods as their own inheritance. The princes gave the episcopal nomination, the lords that of serving rural Paroisse S. Thus, they took the practice to name the priests in the parishes and to allot an increasingly great part of said and agricultural food products delivered by the peasants for the subsistence of the clergy.

The system was confirmed in 962, when the emperor Othon Large the obtained from the pope Pornocrate Jean XII the prerogative to designate the pope. The emperor Henri IV was the guard and the large recipient of these abuses: nomination the laic inefficient ones like prelates, simony and Nicolaïsme.

The King S and the territorial princes (Count S and Duke S) required also prelates, the combatant service. Thus certain prelates became themselves of the lords, tie of the profits of the striking of the Monnaie and exerting the right of Ban. They exploited all the means to increase their power: they exploited the fear of the hell, extorted gifts, and sold the Sacrement S. the loads episcopal and clerical, sold, were the object of a true traffic. One saw even dynasties of bishops being established (see Nicolaïsme).

Judgment of the simony

The simony was from time immemorial an act honni, opposite with the word of Jesus-Christ of the Évangile according to Matthieu: “ You received free, give free” (MT, X.8).

She will belong to the reproaches addressed by the Réforme to the Catholic church, however they had been the subject of several attempts at more or less formal judgments:

  • Between 1008 and 1048, took place eight regional Concile S, in England, France and Italy to recommend reforms against the abuses and the dysfunctions of the system.
  • the pope Nicolas II (1058 - 1061), defended with the clerks to receive a church of the hands of laic and to obtain obtaining ecclesiastical loads against money.
  • the pope Gregoire VII (1072 - 1085) establishes an important monastic reform (the reform clunisienne) and pontifical (the Gregorian Réforme)
  • It was also condemned at the time of the second council of Lateran in 1139.

See too

Sources

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