Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar

Lawyer and Indian politician, Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (April 14th 1892 - December 6th 1956), called Babasaheb Ambedkar, is the principal writer of the constitution of the India, an untouchable leader, and an initiator of the revival of Buddhism in India.

Biography

Childhood and studies

Ambedkar was born with Mhow on April 14th, 1892. It is originating in the group of the Intouchable S Mahar S which gave its name to the State of the Maharashtra. The Mahârâja of Baroda ( Vadodara ) notices its spirit shining and pays its studies. It thus integrates the Elfinstone College into Bombay in 1912, then obtains a doctorate of economy to the Columbia University , with the the United States. It enters then to the London School off Economics and becomes member of the bar of the Gray' S Inn of London.

The return in India

But, of return in India, he is confronted again with the discrimination and the humiliation of the high castes. He is in dissension with Gandhi on the question of an assembly separated for the Dalit S or untouchable and on the principle of an electoral law from Positive discrimination supporting them. He launches movements of civil disobedience to take advantage of the rights of the untouchable ones, of which several consisted with permettres with untouchable to return in temples or to drink water in the fountains, which was prohibited to them because the bramhanes consider that the untouchable ones soil water and pollute the temples.

Drafting of the Constitution

Nehru names it Ministre for Justice in the first government of independent India and the Constitution country charges it with writing. It will include the prohibition of all forms of discrimination there, as well towards untouchable the out-castes as towards the women, and the freedom of religion. It launched intended measures to improve the social condition of the women and founded a system intended to allow to the people low classes to make studies and to find a work in connection with their qualifications.

Conversion with Buddhism

He is convinced, contrary to Gandhi, that the system of the castes is consubstantial with the Hindouisme, from where the failure of its social and political approaches of the change of the situation of Dalits. After a study of the great religions of the world, it becomes convinced that the conversion of Dalits to the Bouddhisme is the best solution, the best possible exit out of the hindouism. The October 14th 1956, little before its death, it will organize the first conversion into mass of his/her companions outcast: with its continuation, approximately 380 000 untouchable gathered with Nagpur is converted with Buddhism - striking fact in the history of Buddhism into India, Buddhism having almost disappeared from the Indian sub-continent at the beginning of the 13th century.

The movement of conversion to Buddhism initiated this day continues nowadays; concerning in the beginning only Dalits of Maharastra, it touches many basic people today caste, in a growing number of States of India.

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