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The Cadre Noir is a riding body of of elite, instructors at the National school of Horsemanship or E.N.E close to Saumur in the Maine and the Loire (department 49) in France.

The doctrines of the Cadre Noir, fixed by the General the Hood, are “the calm, ahead, and right horse”.

History

At the end of XVIe century, Henry IV missionne Duplessis-Mornay in Saumur to found a " there; Protestante" university; within which an academy of horsemanship was established. The academy of horsemanship is directed by Mister de Saint-Vual trained with the Catholic Academy of Angers according to the principles of Antoine de Pluvinel. The academy was closed at the time of the revocation of the Edit of Nantes.

In 1763, Louis XV reorganizes the French Cavalry via the Duke of Choiseul. A school, managed and framed by the " Royal body of Carabiniers" , was created again in Saumur to accommodate the officers of all the regiments of Cavalry. It will function until 1788.

At the end of the year 1814, Louis XVIII creates in Saumur " the School of Instruction of the Troops with cheval". Its activity going decreasing as from 1822, this school was regenerated by Charles X under the name " of Royal School of Cavalerie". A military horse-gear and a horse-gear of academy composed the main part of the structures.

The first carousel was presented in 1828. The riders carried out the resumptions of Jumpers and Instructors. At the time of this presentation the riders were already capped Chapeau of Horse-gear , also called Lampion or Bicorne .

From 1830, with the disappearance of the School of Versailles, Saumur becomes the only school agent of the French equestrian tradition.

The black color of the uniform was decided under the reign of Louis-Philippe to differentiate them from the riders of the " School of Cavalerie" , which was then equipped in blue. As from this time, the school was the almost exclusive framework of the instructors of horsemanship of the " School of Cavalerie" become l'" later; School of Application of the Armor-plated Weapon and Cavalerie".

The name of " Tally Noir" thus imposed thus themselves obviously and becomes official in 1986.

The Cadre Noir became civil in 1968. Its members are mainly made up of civilians but also of soldiers, nine riders in 2006.

Before the Years 1970, the school of Saumur was not a school of pure horsemanship like was the École of Versailles where like the school of Vienna. It was a school of cavalry where the horse was used especially with fine soldiers.

In 1972, the National school of Horsemanship is created by decree. Since 1989, the principal was always a civilian.

The Cadre Noir

Although the Cadre Noir always has a strong component detached by the ministry for defense, it is the minister of sport, after consultation of his counterpart of the defense, which names the rider as a chief.

Missions of the Cadre Noir:

to perpetuate the French equestrian tradition, in particular by teaching it with the ENE,
to develop it and put it in scene at the time of the many musical productions which the riders give,
to represent France with the international equestrian competitions.

The riders, in addition to the work of traditional raising, work also the jumps of school, assembled or to foot. These jumps are three:

the courbette, “the horse is drawn up towards the sky, former bent; the rider keeps its position and finds behind vertical”,
the croupade, “the horse carries out an energetic kick by extending the rear limbs completely”,
the caper, almost simultaneous combination of a courbette and a croupade.

The assembled jumps are carried out without clamps.

Riders

Riders as a chief

1814: creation of the School of Saumur by ordinance of Louis XVIII

1815: Levesque general of the Tool bag

1825: Charles X founds the Royal School of Cavalry of Saumur

1825 - 1833: Mr. Cordier 1st Rider as a Chief
1834 - 1836: Commander Renaux
1837 - 1840: Commander Champet
1841 - 1846: Commander de Novital
1847 - 1854: Count d' Aure
1857 - 1863: Commander Alexandre Guerin
1864 - 1870: General the Hood
1871 - 1874: Commander Lignère
1875 - 1876: Commander Duthil
1877 - 1881: Commander Pietu
1882 - 1886: Commander de Bellegarde
1887 - 1889: Commander d' Aviau de Piolant
1890 - 1895: Commander de Canisi
1896 - 1897: Commander de Vauloge
1898 - 1899: Commander de Contades Gizeux
1899 - 1901: Commander Varin
1901 - 1903: Commander de Contades Gizeux
1903 - 1909: Commander de Montjou
1909 - 1913: Commander Blaque-Bellair
1913 - 1914: Commander Destroyat
1919 - 1928: General Wattel
1929 - 1933: Colonel Danloux
1933 - 1935: Commander Walon
1935 - 1939: Commander Xavier Lesage
1941 - 1943: Commander Aublet
1943 - 1944: Commander de Balloire
1944 - 1945: Commander de Minvielle
1945 - 1958: Lieutenant Colonel Margot († 1998)
1958: Commander de Thiollaz
1959 - 1964: Lieutenant Colonel Patrice Lair
1964 - 1972: Colonel Jean of Saint-Andrew († 1996)
1972 - 1974: Lieutenant Colonel de Boisfleury (First director of the ENE: Colonel O' Delant)
1974 - 1975: Lieutenant Colonel Alain Bouchet († 15-7-75)
1975 - 1984: Colonel Pierre Durand (becomes directing in October 1984 of the ENE)
1984 - 1991: Colonel François de Beauregard
1991 - 1999: Colonel Christian Carde
2000 - 2006: Colonel Loïc of the Door of Theil
2006 -: Colonel Jean-Michel Faure

The rider as a chief is called the “large god”, in reference to his perfect control of equestrian art. He is also the assistant of the director of the ENE.

Riders candidates

The instructors of the Cadre Noir leave regularly in contest. Several riders are or were Olympic champions or world champions.

Examples:

1932: Xavier Lesage, Olympic champion in test of individual raising and by team
1970,1971,1972 and 1973: Patrick the Roland, champion of France of Raising
1979: Christian Carde, champion of France of Raising
2002: Jean-Luc Forces ( Crocus Jacob ) and Didier Courrèges ( Free Style Ene HN ) is Vice-Champion of the World of Complete Concours by team.
2004: Didier Courrèges and Arnaud Boiteau, Olympic champions in Complete Contest by team

The National school of Horsemanship

The ENE, which depends on the ministry for youth and the sports, was created with three missions:

formation of the elite of the teachers (instructors and professors),
participation in the competitions and development of the high level (in particular for the Olympic disciplines),
conservation and presentation of the French equestrian tradition.

Currently, the ENE counts more than 400 Olympic horses, ten careers, 50 km of arranged tracks, several hundreds of obstacles, five Olympic horse-gears of which largest of Europe.

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