Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac

Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac , born with Tarbes the September 10th 1755 and died in Tarbes the January 15th 1841, is a French politician and lawyer. It began its political career at the time of the Révolution and was appointed of the Tiers state of the Hautes-Pyrénées to the General states, then with the national Convention. Its action during the Terreur was worth to him the nickname of “the Anacréon of the Guillotine”.

Origin

Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac was the son of a prosecutor of the Sénéchal of Tarbes Bigorre, which, having a small field with Vieuzac, was made call Barère de Vieuzac. He made his studies of right to Toulouse and became lawyer with the Parlement of Toulouse.

Constituent assembly

Barère de Vieuzac took share with the drafting of the Registers of grievances. After having seen its rejected candidature of deputy at the noble ones, because it was of agreement on the fact that all the social classes (clergy, nobility, third state) pay taxes, it was presented in the form of a deputy of the third state and was elected appointed of the Tiers state with the General states, then with the constituent Assembly. It was hardly pointed out in the National Assembly that by estimable work on the public Droit, the finances and the administration and was charged to pronounce the Funeral oration of Mirabeau. In the meeting of the July 9th 1791, it made a speech in which it expressed its opinion to the measures of police force to be taken against the Émigrants. At the same time, it wrote a newspaper, the Point of the Day, moderated enough, and was at the origin of the creation of the department of the Hautes-Pyrénées.

The Jacobin

Barère was among the police chiefs of the assembly charged to bring back the king Louis XVI to Paris, after its arrest in Varennes. It was one of the founders of the Club of Breaking into leaf the, but left it rather quickly to return to the Club of the Jacobins. Appointed the national Convention, it chaired it when the Procès of Louis XVI opened. It proceeded to the interrogation and voted the death of the king without deferment after having proclaimed, taking again a sentence of Thomas Jefferson following the bloody repression of the Révolte of Shays during the American Revolution in 1787: “The tree of freedom grows when it is sprinkled blood of the tyrants. ” It fought the growing capacity of the Commune and asked continuations against the authors of the Massacres of September.

Its role in the Committee of Public Hello

Of a great power of work and speaker of a great talent, Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac was the first deputy to be elected with the Comité of Public Hello, as of his creation the April 6th 1793. He fulfills the functions of rapporteur of this sanguinary commission, and made issue that “the Terreur was with the day order. ” It was in charge with the foreign affairs, the navy, the state education, the fine arts and the military businesses. It submitted terrible reports/ratios on the reference of Marie-Antoinette in front of the revolutionary tribunal, on the confiscation of the goods of the people put outlaw on the proscription

In a report/ratio submitted with the national Convention, in the name of the Committee of public Hello, it came to a conclusion about “revolutionary, republican & military education”.

To celebrate the catch of Tileries of the August 10th, 1792, at the time of the meeting of the July 31st 1793, Barère, proposed to destroy tombs of the Basilique Saint-Denis.

August 1st, 1793, with Convention, it made a terrible indictment against the Vendée, which will bring the total destruction of the Vendéenne army to Savenay on December 23rd, 1793.

Enemy of Danton, only him and Robert Lindet were maintained during his renewal. He was in charge of the Foreign affairs and was interested more particularly in the related questions with the war. He submitted many reports/ratios with Convention in the name of the Committee of public Hello: “on the movement of the armies on the borders of North”, “on the catch of Brussels”, “on the progress of the armies of the Republic”, “on the catch of Charleroi”, “on the continuation of the events of the Head office of Ypres”, “on the heroism of the Republicans assembling the vessel the Avenger”, “on successes of the Armed with the Rhine. ” It however ends up separating from his principal colleagues, Robespierre, Couthon and Saint-Just, and took an active part, the Thermidor 9, with the fall of Maximilien de Robespierre.

Report/ratio of Barrère at the Committee of Public Hello

Among the idioms old, welches, Gascons, Celtic, Visigoths, phocéens or Eastern, {…} we observed that the idiom called low-Breton, the Basque idiom, the languages German and Italian perpetuated the reign of fanaticism and the superstition, ensured the domination of the priests, of noble and of the patricians, prevented the revolution from penetrating in nine important departments, and can support the enemies of France.

The federalism and the superstition speak low-Breton; the emigration and the hatred of the Republic speak German; the counter-revolution speaks Italian and fanaticism speaks Basque. Glass fragments these instruments of damage and erreur.

The despotism maintained the variety of the idiomes.

Moreover how much expenditure do not have not make for the translation of the laws of the first two National Assemblies in the various idioms spoken in France! How if were with us to maintain these coarse jargons cruel and these idioms which can serve only the fanatics and the counter-revolutionaries!

To leave the citizens in the ignorance of the national language, it is to betray the fatherland; it is to leave the torrent of the lights poisoned or blocked in its court; it is to ignore the benefits of printing works, because each printer is a public teacher of language and législation.

Citizens, the language of free people must be one and the same one for tous.

{…}

While the foreign people learn on all the sphere the French language {…} it would be said that there exists in France six hundred and thousand French which is unaware of absolutely the language of their nation {…} it rests only on it {the French language} to become universal

Against the languages other than French

The 8 pluviose year II it declares in a speech that “French will become the universal language, being the language of the people”.

Deportation

Decree shortly after and condemned to the deportation in Guyana like member of the old Committee of public hello (following the Insurrection of the 12 germinal year III), it managed to escape whereas it was interned with the island of Oléron.

Courses after the 18 brumaire

It had to remain in clandestinity and only after the 18 brumaire could reappear. It offered its services to Napoleon Bonaparte which charged it with the drafting of a weekly report on the frame of mind of the public opinion. He lived forgotten under the Consulate and the Empire. During the Hundred Days, he was member of the Chambre of the representatives.

Restoration

To the Restoration, exiled by the Bourbon S like Regicide, it leaves in Belgium, and returned to France only under Louis-Philippe. Named appointed under the government of July, it finishes its president days of the council of his department. He died more than octogenarian.

Publications

In addition to several political writings and many Speech , Barère is the author of several literary writings, among which Éloges of Louis XII, the Hospital, Montesquieu, of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, the poetic Beautés of the Nights of Young and the Veillées of the Cup . Its Mémoires was published by Lazare Hippolyte Carnot in 1834.

Random links: