Bertil Ohlin (April 23rd 1899 - August 3rd 1979), was an economist Swedish. Its name is attached to the standard economic model of the international free trade, the Modèle Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson (HOS).

In 1924, Ohlin receives its doctorate of the University of Stockholm and in 1925 he becomes professor with the Université of Copenhagen.

A brilliance theorist of the international economy

In 1930, Ohlin succeeds Eli Heckscher, as professor of economy to the Stockholm School off Economics. In 1933, it then publishes a work which will make its fame: Interregional and International Trade . It built an economic theory of the international exchange there. This work is known today like models it Heckscher-Ohlin, the standard model that the economists use to analyze the international economic exchange.

The model dissociated former approaches by showing how the comparative advantage was to be included/understood compared to the share of the factors work and stockholders' equity with a nation. It has was used as a basis for work on the effects of protection of the Salaire S realities, and was used in a profitable way in the forecasts of production. Ohlin itself used the model to deduce the theorem from it from Heckscher-Ohlin, which affirms that the nations must specialize in industries which are more capable to effectively use the combination of their national resources.

A committed macro-economist

Later, Ohlin and other members of the " Stockholm school" the economic analyzes of Knut Wicksell prolonged to produce a macroeconomic theory anticipating the Keynésianisme.

Ohlin belonged to the Swedish liberal party of 1944 with 1967, the principal party of opposition to Democratic the Social party. He was also commercial Minister of 1944 with 1945 in the government of war. His/her sister Anne Wibble, representing the same party, worked with the Ministry for finances of 1991 to 1994.

Ohlin remained celebrates partly for its standpoint in the debate with John Maynard Keynes, on the consequences of the war reparations imposed on the Germany. Whereas Keynes believed that Germany could not pay them, Ohlin thought on the contrary that it could it. The debate had important repercussions in the modern theory of the unilateral international payments.

Rewards

Bertil Ohlin accepted the price “Nobel of economy” in 1977, jointly with James Meade.

Significant publications

• The German Repairs Problem , 1930 Interregional
• and International Trade , 1933
• Mechanisms and Objective off Exchange Controls , 1937

External bonds

• Bertil Ohlin
• Bertil Ohlin Institute
• Biography of a theorist
• Autobiography of Ohlin