Benzoic acid

The benzoic acid , of Chemical formula C6H5COOH (or C7H6O2) is a Carboxylic acid aromatic derived from the Benzène.

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Description

It is used like food Conservateur and is naturally present in certain plants. It is for example one of the principal components of the gum Benjoin, used in Encens in the churches of Russia and others orthodoxe communities. Although being a Weak acid , the benzoic acid is only little soluble in water because of presence of the benzene cycle non-polar.

Among the principal compounds which derive from the benzoic acid, one can quote the Salicylic acid and the Acetylsalicylic acid more known under the name of aspirine.

As a Food additive, it is referred in Europe under the code E210. Its salts, which one calls of the Benzoate S, is referred under the numbers:

  • E 211 Benzoate of sodium (Ba)
  • E 212 Benzoate of potassium (Ba)
  • E 213 Benzoate of calcium (Ba)
He is regarded as a carcinogenic additive. Above 370 °C, it breaks up into forming Benzène and Carbon dioxide. The benzoic acid has a strong odor and is easily flammable.

The benzoic acid is produced industrially by Oxydation partial of the Toluène.

History

In 1830, Wöhler meets Justus von Liebig, which continues similar research on cyanates. They extract, in 1837, amygdalin starting from the bitter Amande S, and discover the benzoic acid by oxidizing amygdalin by the nitric Acid . In 1832, they publish the results of work and show that the organic radicals can combine with electropositive hydrogen as well as with electronegative oxygen. They publish together Annalen der Chemie und Pharmazie.

Precautions

  • Sentences of risk:

    • R22 (Harmful in the event of ingestion)
    • R36 (Irritating for the eyes)
  • the Councils of prudence:
    • S24 (To avoid the contact with the skin)

See too

  • Benzoate of sodium

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