Ben-Shemen
Ben-Shemen ( בןשמן ) is a Moshav located at 2km in the East of the town of Lod, not far from the road connecting Tel-Aviv to Jerusalem.
Name " Ben-Shemen" (" Wire of the huile") comes from the culture of the olive-tree practiced on the place since the biblical time - Livre of Josué (5) -.
Ben-Shemen is founded in 1906 on a surface of 100 Dounam im of ground, and with the site of the old Arab village " El-Hadita". Y is first of all built the manufacturing plant of oil " Hadid" , directed by Nahum Vilbush. Israel Belkind also founds there the school of agriculture Kiryat-Séfer, sheltering the orphans survivors of the Pogrom S of Russia.
In 1907, KKL acquires 1600 dounamim additional which it places at the disposal of the moshav. Then in 1909, the school of Kiryat-Séfer closes its doors following financial problems, and in 1910, the buildings are refitted in founded agricultural farm thanks to the gifts of the Jewish community of Romania. In 1911, Boris Schatz opens on the spot a branch of the school of art Bétzalel located at Jerusalem, with an aim of carrying out its dream to combine art with nature. Then the first district of dwelling is born, following the arrival with Ben-Shémen of Jewish families of goldsmiths originating in the Yemen, and beforehand installed in Jerusalem. This last is two years given up later by its inhabitants, and the buildings are then integrated into the agricultural farm.
At the time of the First World War, the Othoman authorities destroys the plantations of olive-trees, and Hadid machines it ceases its activities then. The British army uses the places in 1917 for the installation of showers intended for the posted English soldiers with Lod.
Damaged by bombardments in 1918, the agricultural farm closes it also its doors, and is transformed into agricultural test center, under the control of Yitzhak Vulkani-Eléazar.
In 1926, part of the buildings having sheltered the Yemeni goldsmiths is arranged in holiday camp for children. Then, at the time of the events of 1929, one adds with the palisade encircling Ben-Shemen a wall of protection out of surmounted concrete of turns of duty.
During the War of Independence, Ben-Shémen is regularly attacked by the Arab villagers of the neighborhoods like by those of Lod. December 1st 1947, the convoy of provisioning of direction of the moshav is him also attacked and paralyzed.
The moshav Ben-Shemen extends today on a surface from 54000 dounamim from grounds.
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