Beam

beam A beam , in the field of the Architecture, is a part of Charpente placed horizontally resting against the Mur S or on the Poutre S to constitute the Plancher of a part and to carry in lower part the Latte S of a Plafond or the panels of a hanging ceiling. The continuity of the floor between the beams is ensured by the Entrevous.

Typology of the beams

The beams are different by their structural hierarchy, therefore by their position in the floor and their section. Here presented by order, and accompanied by all the parts constitutive of a joisting: ; trimmer beam: The trimmer beam , or carrying beam , carries wall to wall, it carries the bandages, trimmers and the lame beams. The trimmer beam works with the Cisaillement. ; bandage: The bandage is a structural member which connects two trimmer beams to carry out a trimming work (with the right of a hearth of chimney or a hopper). The bandage is perpendicular to joisting running, it carries the current or lame beams (according to the type of floor). The bandage works in Flection. ; trimmer: The trimmer , following the example bandage, connects the current beams to the trimmer beams and works in Flection, it is different from it by the fact that it is closer to the wall to which it is parallel. The trimmer is generally placed at the right of a flue, or of a baie.
Le false-trimmer is an element which is used to fill space between the wall and the trimmer when they are too distant one from the other. The false-trimmer is about the current beam, since no structural member rests above. ; current beam: The current beam carries between two walls, between two beams or between two bandages, no structural member rests on it. The current beam works in Flection.
La lame beam , or bastard beam , is pressed on a wall on a side and a piece of wood on other side. It is a current beam which works in Flection.

Beams in the Floor

Until, the floors consisted of main beams on which the beams rested. The structure of these floors is apparent, the beams and the beams can be painted or carved. The use was to pose the beams so much full which empties, i.e. one left exactly between each beam the width of the one of them. The beams either were simply posed on the beams, or dimpled inside, or assembled on tie bars.

From, the fashion of the smooth ceiling from Italy. One started to build floors of assembly to trimming works by using trimmer beams, bandages, trimmers, etc These floors allow a saving in material (less wood implemented for a greater range). The assemblies are carried out with tenon and mortise with mordane, the assemblies of the trimming works are reinforced by wrought iron clamps. A current fashion wants that these floors of their ceiling are dismantled. However the structural members not being designed to be seen are not équaris consequently, moreover the ceiling takes part in the stability of the floor by preventing the beams (which are posed on song) from flaming, finally the ceiling plasters guard of it the floor of fire.

See too

  • Jacques-François Blondel, Course of civil architecture (1771-1777)
  • Eugene Purple-the-Duke, Dictionary reasoned of the French architecture of XIe in XVIe century - Volume 8, Beam (Wikisource)

Random links:Neuville-in-Beine | François Bonlieu | Grande deserted | Rheobatrachus silus | Electrokinetic propulsion | David_Hasselhoff