Bayreuth

History

Bayreuth for the first time is evoked in documents in 1194. The historians think that the city was founded about the middle of XIIe century. In 1604 the city becomes residence of the margraves of the principality of Brandebourg-Bayreuth until 1769. At the XVIIIe century of major work transform it considerably.

In 1792 it becomes a province of the Prussia. From 1806 to 1810 it is occupied by the French. Since 1810 it belongs to the Bavaria.

The city is particularly famous for:

The Opera of the Margraves

the opera of the Margraves (Markgraefliches Opernhaus) was ordered by the Margravine Wilhelmine, sister of the king Frederic II of Prussia. Built of 1744 to 1748 by Joseph Saint-Pierre, it is about one of the most beautiful operas of style Rococo in the world. The interior, with Italian and out of wood, was decorated by Giuseppe Bibiena.

It is because of the presence of this opera that Richard Wagner was interested in Bayreuth. The building could not be appropriate for the intentions of the type-setter who turned to the construction of Festpielhaus on a ground offered by the municipality.

The opera is always used for concerts.

One in particular turned there of the scenes of the film Farinelli of Gerard Corbiau.

Neues Schloss

The " Castle neuf" was built for the Margravine Wilhelmine of 1753 to 1755 per Joseph Saint-Pierre, in a rather sober style. In front of the castle, the fountain baroque was carved by Elias Räntz. The interior is decorated in the style merry Rococo and brilliance which the Margravine liked particularly.

A vast garden (Hofgarten) supplements the unit.

The Hermitage

The Ermitage is outside the city. One finds there two buildings apartment and a vast park.

Old Schloss Eremitage set up by Johann David Rantz was used as retirement to the margrave Georg Wilhelm.

Wilhelmine made raise Neues Schloss in 1736 per J. Saint-Pierre: The " Temple of Soleil" , in hemicycle, is the center.

In the park drawn with English, the margravine gave free course to her imagination and her taste of the unexpected one: basins, cascades, birdcages…

The Festspielhaus

Each year proceeds there the Festival of Bayreuth, one of most important of the world, exclusively devoted to the operas of Richard Wagner.

See also Origin of the Festival of Bayreuth

The Villa Wahnfried

The Famille Wagner lived starting from 1874 this villa built near Festspielhaus, and Wagner is buried in the garden at the sides of his wife Cosima. She is the seat of the Richard-Wagner Museum today.

The Museum Jean-Paul-Richter

This museum this finds beside the Wahnfried Villa. The writer Jean Paul is established in Bayreuth in 1804, his last residence is in Friedrichstrasse, it died there on November 14th, 1825.

The Museum-Franz-Liszt

It is devoted to the memories of Franz Liszt, father of Cosima Wagner, therefore father-in-law of Richard-Wagner and for a long time his friend. Franz Liszt came into 1886 from Weimar in Bayreuth to attend the Festival. During its stay with Bayreuth it died there and it is buried in Bayreuth. Arrived of Luxembourg, where it had taken cold in his friend the Hungarian painter Mihaly Munkacsy, its bronchitis worsened in pneumonia; this, associated with hydropisy and a cataract making it almost blind of the left eye (of which it was to be made operate in September of the same year), returned the ten last years of its life, and especially the last ten days, passed with Bayreuth a true martyrdom. anguish was remarkably described by Lina Schmalhausen, one of its pupils and his controlling, in a newspaper which it from day to day held from July 22nd to August 3rd, 1886, and which was included in the book of Alan Walker " The Death of Franz Liszt. After its death, its ashes were claimed by Hungary (it there had been born) and Germany (it had lived a long time in Weimar). In vain.

Twinnings

cultural Twinning with the Burgenland in Austria

See too

External bonds

Festival of Bayreuth
Museums and exposures to Bayreuth

Simple: Bayreuth

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