Bautzen
Bautzen (Sorabe Budyšin or Budyšyn , Polish Budziszyn ) is a German city located in the Land of Saxony and the district of Bautzen. It has: 42189 inhabitants (December 2005) and is called also the center of the Sorabes.
The city is close to the river of the Spree, in a plain between the hills of the Lusace and in an area of lakes and heather. In the north of the city is a big lake who is called Talsperre Bautzen , built in 1974.
The districts of the city are: old city, cente of the city, suburbs of the east, of the west and the south, the Gesundbrunnen and also old villages of Teichnitz, Nadelwitz, Burk, Oberkaina, Niederkaina, Stiebitz, Kleinwelka, Salzenforst-Bolbritz and Auritz. The common neighbors are Doberschau-Gaußig, Göda, Großdubrau, Großpostwitz, Kubschütz, Malschwitz, Obergurig and Radibor.
History
In 1002, Ortenburg is mentioned like central place of all the high Lusace by Dithmar and thus central place of Milzener.After some battles the Polish duke Boleslas Valiant the seizes the city. In 1018, following a treaty between the Holy roman Empire and the Poland, the city remains with the latter until 1031. Because of its position to the crossroads of several important roads, the city becomes a center for the trade of the area. The relations with the Silesia and the the Rhine were very important. In 1031 the city becomes German for 50 years, before being allocated to the duke of Bohemia Vratislav II. In 1213 the city receives a municipal charter.
In 1240 the monastery of Franciscains is founded. Whereas between 1243 and 1319 high Lusace belonged to the state of Brandenburg, the city becomes again gipsy. Under the direction of the town of Bautzen, the alliance of the six cities of high Lusace is created in 1346. This alliance plays a big role for a few centuries. In the 1429 and 1431 city is besieged at the time of the wars hussites. A legend reports that villeaurait it saved by the Michel archangel - in his honor, one builds the church of Michel saint. Between the 1469 and 1490 city belongs to the kingdom of Hungary. The city keeps this period the tower of Matthias, which shows the Hungarian king Matthias Corvinius. Bautzen becomes again then gipsy. Between 1520 and 1525, at the time of the Reform, the city remains catholic. At the time of the Guerre Thirty Year old most of the city burns at the time of various seats by the units of Saxony, Wallenstein and Swedish. In 1635 all Lusace - as well as the town of Bautzen becomes part of Saxony.
At the time of the reign of Napoleon, the great battle of Hochkirch proceeds close to the city. On the Triumphal arch of the Star in Paris, this battle is named Bataille of Wurschen (Bataille of Bautzen), that the troops of Napoleon gained. In 1868 the city is officially re-elected of Budissin in Bautzen. In 1904 the construction of the large prison saxonienne " finishes; Bautzen I" , but its true name becomes " Gelbes Elend" (yellow misery). This prison is used until today.
During the Second world war some buildings of the city are destroyed. April 26th, 1945, the large last battles of tanks takes seat close to the city.
After the war, under GDR the city becomes an important place of industry and science. With the reunification in 1990 much of things changed but a large company of construction of coaches remained - it was repurchased Bombardier. The old prison " Bautzen II." becomes a museum of the human rights in 1992.
Municipal policy
Since 1995 Christian Schramm (CDU) is mayor first city. The other mayors are Michael Böhmer (economy, finances, education and social affairs) and Peter Hesse (constructions and other things).34 people sit at the municipal council. After the municipal elections of 2005 they are 15 members of the CDU, 8 of PDS and 3 for SPD. The 6 remaining seats returned to FDP and two civil alliances. There are also 4 councils of the communes (Niederkaina, Stiebitz, Kleinwelka, Salzenforst-Bolbritz), the voluntary members are elected for five years.
Since 1994 Bautzen forms with the towns of Görlitz and Hoyerswerda a Oberzentraler Städteverbund (alliance of large cities) - they form one of the six great urban centres of Saxony.
Monuments
The majority of the citizens of the city are Protestant, the minority sorabe is mainly catholic. The two confessions divide the cathedral of Saint-Pierre to celebrate their offices.
Bonds
Official site of Bautzen website of German Bautzen, englais…Twinning
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