Battle of Ain Djalout

The battles of Ain Djalout was held the September 3rd 1260 between the Mongolian Mamelouks and the close to Jenin in Palestine. It showed a defeat of the Mongolian

The first Mongolian defeat

The invasion Mongolian E carried out by Houlagou Khan threatened to absorb the the Middle East. The attacks of the riders of the steppes had devastated the Moslem States of Syria and the fertile crescent.

Countryside preceding the battle

Sayf AD-DIN Qutuz, the sultan Mameluke of Egypt whose Syria was one of the provinces, decides to attack the Mongolian whereas they were shaken by the death of Qaghan, their chief, in Mongolia and that part of their troops camped in the steppes to avoid estival heats and to make put back the horses leaving in Syria only of weak manpower.

The July 26th 1260, the Egyptian avant-garde leaves Cairo. But the road of Damas is held by the cross which, against any waiting (the choice was influenced by the fact that the Mongols had just devastated the surroundings of Sidon in reprisal with operation of raid of Julien de Sidon), agrees to let become the Mamelukes on their grounds and provide supply under the terms of an agreement of truce. The Mamelouks can thus advance in Syria. Surprised, the Mongolian S with at their head the governor of the area, Kitbouga go to their meeting with some auxiliaries Arménie NS and Georgia NS. The confrontation takes place with Ain Djalout (the source of Goliath , is written also Ayn Jalut ), close to Nazareth in north and Jenin in the south.

Unfolding

As of the first attack, the Mamelouks flee, attracting the Mongolian towards the bottom of the valley of which the heights are occupied by units of infantry recruited locally.

When Kitbouga realizes of the trap, it stops the continuation and makes operate large its troops. While its first ranks are inserted in the avant-garde mamelouke, its light riders make a movement turning towards the hills of Galileo in order to attack the left wing.

The avant-garde mamelouke is decimated, but large forces manages to take down. During most of the morning, the battle is confused, the Sultan tries to reform his left wing while transferring to it from the men of the right wing and while launching attacks violent one.

Galvanized by the calls of the Sultan which goes up in first line with its personal guard, the Mamelouks succeed in holding foot in front of the Mongolian army.

Kitbouga tries to restore without success the situation which turns to its disadvantage and is constrained to move back to the village of Boisin close to the the Jordan. One is unaware of if it were killed during the ultimate load of the sultan or if it were made prisoner and carried out. Consequently, the Mongols and their allies flee.

For the first time, the Mongols are beaten. They fought with their valiancy and their usual force, but they are exceeded by the number.

The Syria remains under domination mamelouke until the 16th century.

Assessment

One reports these words to the Mongolian chief:

“That the khan is not afflicted by the loss with its army. That he thinks that during one year the women of its soldiers were not pregnant and that the mares did not pouliné. Long life in Khan! ”

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