Batavian Revolution

The Batavian Révolution (in Dutch Bataafse Revolutie ) is the name given to the events of 1780 with 1795 having involved the fall of the old mode in the Northern of the Netherlands.

The Revolution of the “Patriots”

A first revolution takes place between 1780 and 1783. It finds its origin in the feeling of decline of the United Provinces to the length of which the elites Dutchwomen feel, “Patriots”. It is for the majority of the members of the municipal authorities and provincial, the regents. They dispute the concentration of the capacities in the person of the Stathouder Guillaume V of Orange which goes against the republican principles such as they are stated in the Union of Utrecht of 1579. These claims, supplied with certain middle-class intellectuals like Joan Derk van der Capellen, is similar to those of the American revolutionists or the French members of Parliament of the Années 1780.

To this first movement, is added the “democratic” claims of a commercial part which would like to reverse the Union of Utrecht and refonder the Republic of the United Provinces on new bases.

In 1787, the armed intervention with the England and Prussia and the absence with support with the France mark the failure with the Revolution. Guillaume V is restored in his capacities and of nomreux Patriotes exile themselves, in particular in Belgium and France.

The Velvet Revolution

The Batavian Revolution of the Hiver 1794-1795 is the event which marked the turning between the time of the United Provinces and “the contemporary Time”.

The Patriots are filled with enthusiasm for the French revolution and attend of number the Parisian Club S, in particular that of the Jacobins. When France engages in the ideological war against “Europe of the tyrants”, the Patriots are the first to ask for the invasion of the United Provinces.

After an attempt at Dumouriez fallen through after the defeat of Neerwinden in 1793, the troops free-Batavians of the general Pichegru benefits from the freezing of the Meuse and the arms of the the Rhine to invade the United Provinces at the end of December 1794. The stathouder flees, the Patriots of the seven provinces are raised and the February 3rd 1795, the Batavian République is proclaimed.

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