Bartle Brother
Henry Bartle Edward Frere (March 29th 1815 - May 29th 1884) was a administrator Britannique, Gouverneur of Bombay (1862-1867), member of the council of the India, governor of the Colonie of the Cape and High-Commissioner with the South Africa (1877-1880). Convinced Imperialist, he was also president of Geographical Society and doctor Honoris causa of the universities of Cambridge and Oxford.
In 1834, Bartle Frere began his career like British Fonctionnaire in station with Bombay and it is in India that it passes most of his career to the service of the British Crown.
In 1842, he is the private secretary of Sir George Arthur, governor of Bombay. Two years later, he is the British representative at the court of the Rajah of Satara. With died of this last in 1848, it is named administrator of the province then in 1850, police chief with Sind. Its states of service are appreciated in particular during the Mutinerie S Indians in the Punjab. It becomes in 1859 a member of the council of the viceroy of the Indies and in 1862, governor of Bombay, where it makes build several colleges.
The failure of its management to prevent the fall of the bank of Bombay obliges it to return to England in 1867. It nevertheless is named with the council of India.
In 1872, it successfully negotiates an anti-slavery treaty with the sultan of Zanzibar.
In 1875, it accompanies the Prince de Galles in a voyage in Egypt and India. It is anobli with the title of Baronnet Frere of Wimbledon (Surrey).
Appointed governor of the Colony of the Cape in South Africa by the Duke of Carnavon, it arrives at the Cape in April 1877 to start again there a project of federation on the model of the Canada. But it faces disorders with the Natal and the borders of the colony of the Cape. Convinced that peace cannot reign on the area as long as British sovereignty would not have been recognized by all the people of South Africa, he considers the Zoulous as the most important threat for the peace and the peace of South Africa.
Facing the instructions of London, it thus sends the December 11th 1878 a Ultimatum to the Zulu king Cetshwayo which rejected it as waited. Brother then ordered with Lord Chelmsford to invade Zoulouland. The January 22nd 1879, the English troops are massacred by the army Zulu at the time of the Bataille of Isandhlwana. On the thousand attacked soldiers, around fifty only survived. On: 20000 engaged Zulus: 2000 were killed.
The disaster without precedent of Isandhlwana obliges the British army to avenge humiliation. The death of the imperial Prince, wire of Napoleon III, in June 1879 in the Zoulouland however symbolizes still the failure of Brother and the British army. If Brother arrived a time to remain in function, it loses part of its prerogatives, transferred to the general Garnet Wolseley, from now on governor of Native and Transvaal and High-Commissioner to the indigenous businesses. Brother is finally recalled in England in August 1880.
Brother dies in Wimbledon the May 29th 1884.
A mountain (Mount Bartle Brother) of 1622 m altitude bears its name to the Queensland in Australia.
Internal bonds
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