Barry Commoner

Barry Commoner is a American Biologiste born the May 28th 1917. It took part in the presidential election American in 1980 for the Parti the citizens.

Commoner was born with Brooklyn. It makes its studies until the bachelor with the Université Columbia, then obtains its master and its doctorate with Harvard. During the Second world war, it is useful as lieutenant within the US Navy. After the war, it settles with Saint Louis in the Missouri, where obtains a post of professor of Physiologie plants with the Université Washington, station which it occupies during 34 years.

At the end of the years 1950, following its work on the presence of radioactive Strontium -90 in the teeth baby of the children, Commoner engages in the fight against the nuclear tests. It is in particular at the origin of a petition with Linus Pauling. He also writes several books on the harmful ecological effects of the nuclear tests on the surface. In 1970, he is prize winner of International Humanist Award ( humanistic price international the ) of the International Humanist and Ethical Union ( humanistic International union and ethics ). In 1980, it founds the Parti the citizens to help it to convey its message ecologist. He is candidate) the American presidential election of 1980 pennies the banner of this party (its colistière is Gave It Harris), for which he obtains 234.294 votes is 0,27% of the voices.

Following this unfruitful candidature, Commoner turns over to New York where he becomes director of the Center of biology and study of the natural systems of the Queens College. It leaves is posted in 2000 and is at present highly skilled researcher at the Queens College. He is member of the American Association for the Advancement off Science.

Four laws of ecology

In its book “The Closing Circle” of 1971, Commoner established its four laws of ecology, which are:

1 Each thing is connected to the different one. There is only one écosphère for all the living organisms and what affects one affects all the others.

2. Each thing goes some share. There is no waste in nature, and there is not elsewhere where one can throw the things.

3. Nature knows. Mankind developed technology to improve nature, but such a change tends to being harmful for the system.

4. A free meal, that does not exist. In nature, each side of the equation must be in balance, for each profit there is a cost, and all the debts will be paid.

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