Barcus

Barcus is a common French, located in the department of the Yrénées-Atlantiques and the area Aquitaine.

Its Basque name is Barkoxe .

Geography

Hydrography

The commune is crossed by the Joos (which are thrown in the Gave d' Oloron) and by its affluents:

Bouhatéko Erreka
the arrèc of Etchanchu
Handia
the brook Ibarra (7 km) and its affluents:

the brook Ibarra (4,4 km) and its affluents:

Askontchilo erreka
the brook Athaketa

the Lecheguita brook and its affluent:

the brook Ilharra

the erreka Oyhanart
the arriou of Soulou
the erreka Sustaris

Affluents of the Lausset (which is thrown in the gave of Oloron) also pass on the grounds of the commune:

the brook Ascania
the brook Ibarle and its affluent:

Ambelseko erreka

Lastly, the brook of Lacoste, tributary of the Arrèc de Bitole, is also present on the commune.

Localities and hamlets

the Borough
the Vault
District Uhart

Communes bordering

Chéraute and the Hospital-Saint-Blaise in north
Géronce, Geüs-with Oloron, Préchacq-Josbaig and Saint-Goin in the North-East
Esquiule in the east
Sauguis-Saint-Etienne and Roquiague in the west
Aramits in south-east
Tardets-Sorholus and Three-Cities in south-west
Lanne-in-Barétous and Montory in the south

Toponymy

The toponym Barcus appears in the forms Barcuys (1384, notaries of Navarrenx), Barcuix (1462, notaries of Oloron), Feels-Saubador Barcuix (about 1470, contracts of Ohix), Barcoys (1520, Drunk habit of ), Barcux (1580, titles of Luxury).
The toponym Uhart is the name of a farm mentioned in 1520 (habit of Drunk).

History

Paul Raymond note which the commune was the seat of a royal Bailliage whose calls were carried to the court of Licharre.
It also accommodated a vassal laic abbey of the Vicomté of Drunk.
In 1790, Barcus was the chief town of a canton depend on the district of Mauléon-Licharre and including/understanding Barcus, the Hospital-Saint-Blaise and Roquiague.
One called messagerie" of Arbailles the central part of the Drunk , between Basabürü and Pettarra (area of Sauguis-Saint-Etienne, Aussurucq and Barcus).

Administration

Intercommunality

Barcus belongs to five inter-commune structures:

the Community of communes of Drunk-Xiberoa
trade union for the support for the Basque culture
trade union AEP of the Country of Drunk
trade union of cleansing of the Country of Drunk
departmental trade union of electrification.

Demography

The Newspaper of Pierre Casalivetery, notary with Mauléon, counts for years 1460-1481 26 fires with Barcus, and 210 for the years 1540-1548, sign of a demography in strong growth.

Economy

The activity is primarily turned towards agriculture (mixed-farming and breeding of sheep).

Culture and inheritance

There exists in Barcus (Barkoxe out of Basque) Lamiñen ziloa (the cave of the Lamiñak out of Basque), small Lutin S of Basque mythology).

Civil inheritance

• Treasury of currencies celtibériennes, discovered in 1879 (400-100 av. JC).

Religious heritage

The commune has a church (church of the Rise) whose origin goes back to the Moyen-âge, which was mainly rebuilt at the XIXe century and was restored at the XXe century

Environmental inheritance

Equipment

The commune has of an elementary school (district of the Borough) and an elementary school (district of the Vault).

Personalities related to the commune

Leon Urthuburu, vice-consul of France with Guayaquil in Ecuador, originating in Barcus, bequeathed to the commune, in 1860, the island of Floriana in the Galapagos. In spite of its efforts, it never took possession of it.
Pierre Topet, known as " Etxahun" , born with Barcus (1786-1862), a Basque poet .
Andre Chilo, is a French player of Rugby to XV, born the July 5th 1898 with Bordeaux and deceased the November 3rd 1982 with Barcus.

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