Bairon (river)

The Bairon is small a French Rivière which runs in the department of the the Ardennes. It is an affluent of the Bar out of left bank, therefore a tributary of a tributary of the Meuse by the Bar.

Geography

Bairon is born on the territory from the commune of Singly. Most of the surface of its catchment area makes up of wood and forests. Its general orientation goes from the North-West towards south-east. It joins the Bar out of left bank, with Tannay.

Its course is equipped with two stoppings which created two small juxtaposed artificial lakes. One gives them the single name of Lake Bairon. Oldest (upstream) which is also smallest, was created by the monks Mount-God. Most recent dates from the XIXe century (1830) with an aim of feeding the channel of the Ardennes in construction. The two ponds occupy the bottom of a small valley of the Peaks préardennaises (Jurassic ground), and are only separated by the dam-stopping from the pond created by the monks.

In the valley of Bairon, a ZNIEFF (or natural Zone of ecological, faunistic and floristic interest) was described. This one includes/understands the totality of the two ponds and their close shore, but especially a whole zone of meadows easily flooded (and seasonally flooded) located upstream (in the west) of the pond of the monks, and including/understanding vast a Roselière. The ZNIEFF extends thus between the localities from Louvergny and the Chesne, and bears the name of " Ponds of Bairon". It less constitutes the habitat of step than 128 animal species and three species of protected Phanérogame S, as well as 33 threatened animal species and 11 plant species.

Common crossings

Bairon crosses the following communes, all located in the department of the the Ardennes (of upstream downstream):

Singly, Villers-the-Lime, Horgne, Baâlons, Omont, Chagny, Louvergny, Sauville, Chesne and Tannay.

Hydrology

Bairon is a river resulting from the peaks préardennaises, edge southern sprinkled good of the solid mass of the Ardennes. The average interannual flow or module of the river on the level of its confluence with the Bar is assembled to 0,945 m ³ a second, for a catchment area of 68,3 km ² (ref.: ). The water blade run out in its basin is of 436,3 millimetres, which is rather high. It is largely higher than the average of France, all confused basins, but somewhat lower than the average of the French basin of the Meuse (450 millimetres with Chooz, close to its exit of the French territory). The specific Flow or Qsp of Bairon is assembled of this fact at 13,84 liters a second and per square kilometer of catchment area.

Curiosities - Tourism

the Lake Bairon: it was arranged partially in natural reserve for the birds. The locality of the Chesne became a traditional tourist resort. Possibility of canoe-kayak, water sports, schools of veil.
remainders of the chartreuse of the Mount-God

The ZNIEFF of the Ponds of Bairon

The ZNIEFF extends on a few 219 hectares and includes/understands the double pond with a variable water level, very low at the end of the summer and autumn, according to the needs for the channel. That supported an original vegetation with temporary grasses with water hemp. Moreover there exists upstream of the ponds a vast roselière.

Fauna

The fauna of the ZNIEFF rich and is varied. Many Amphibians, birds and mammals attend the places. Multiple rare insects there are also counted.

Fauna amphibienne is diversified. Let us quote especially the crested Triton, registered with appendix II of the Convention of Bern, as well as the nimble Grenouille, the common Crapaud and the russet-red Grenouille. On the whole 8 species of Amphibians were indexed including 6 protected spaces and one threatened.

The avifauna is particularly well provided. One does not count there less than 151 species from birds, including 104 protected and 11 in danger (red list of the Champagne-Ardenne birds). An observatory for birds was arranged. The tourist activities and nautical proceeding primarily on the pond downstream, do not obstruct too this small world concentrated above all on the level of the pond upstream and the floodplain (roselière) located in tail of this last. The wet roselière and thickets hide the nesting of many species, among which the dwarf Blongios, nichor threatened of disappearance, registered voter to appendix I of the Oiseaux directive and appendix II of the convention of Bern, the Phragmite of the snap rings, the Rousserolle turdoïde, the Bouscarle de Cetti, the Dipper, the Water rail.

The raptors attend the site either for their food, or for their reproduction. Among the first, it is necessary to quote the Adjustable nozzle, the sparrowhawk of Europe, the Around the wood pigeons or sparrowhawk around, the Falcon swivel, the Falcon kestrel, the Bondrée apivore, the Owl chevêche, the Tawny owl. In the second group, related to the ponds for their reproduction, let us quote the Faucon small landed proprietor (very rare nichor), the Busard of the reeds (rare also), the black Milan, the royal Milan, the ashy Busard and the Busard of the reeds, all registered on the red list of the area Champagne-Ardenne.

The duck species are very varied. In autumn arrive of very many migrating ducks of which a part will remain to winter. Let us quote the Canard mallard, the Fuligule pochard, the Fuligule tufted duck, the Garrot in eye of gold (rare), the brown Macreuse (very rare) and the Goosander (very rare him also).

At spring one attends the arrival of other species: the Duck pintail, the Shoveler, the Duck chipeau and the Wigeon. Many a grèbes crested and foulques macroules reproduce in the zone of the ponds.

As for the mammals, they are also numerous to attend the site. 41 species were inventoried including 14 protected spaces and 8 species in danger. Let us quote the marten, the Putois, the Wildcat, the Blaireau. Many bats there are noticed: the Large murine, the Small rhinolophe, the Large rhinolophe, the Vespertilion de Natterer, the Noctule and the common Oreillard, registered on the red lists European and French.

Among the insects, not less than 40 species of dragonflies were compabilisées, of which 12 are registered on the red list of the area Champagne-Ardenne: the isosceles Aeschne, the Large aeschne, the spring Aeschne, the Agrion gracious, the nice agrion]], the vulgar Gomphe, the fawn-coloured Dragonfly, the brown Orthetrum, the yellow Sympetrum of gold, the metal Cordulie, the cordulie with yellow spots and the cordulie with two spots. A rare and protected butterfly attends the site, the Cuivré marshes, registered with appendix II of convention of Bern, and on the French red book of threatened fauna.

Flora

One meets in the ZNIEFF a series of rare plant species. The Germandrée of the marshes profits from a regional protection, because this species subméditerranéenne is in Champagne-Ardenne regression. Among other protected spaces, one can quote the Fluteau with sheets of graminaceous, the annual Pulicaire (quasi disappeared in the area), the Elatine false-chickweed (extremely rare), the vulgar Utriculaire, the Berle with broad sheets, the Potamot of the Alps, the Aristoloche, the False-rice, the Limoselle, the Faux water lily, the watery Renoncule and the smooth Orme.

References

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