Bagratides

The dynasty Bagratide , Bagratini or Bagratouni (Armenian: ԲագրատունյացԱրքայականՏոհմ or Bagratunyac Arqayakan Tohm ) (Géorgien: ბაგრატიონი , bagrationi , ბაგრატიონთადინასტია , dynasty bagrationi ) is a royal family whose branches directed many regional kingdoms such as the Armenian territories of Ani, Lorri, Vaspourakan, Kars, Taron, and Tayk like various principalities of the kingdom of Georgia.

Origin of the Bagratide dynasty

The family Bagratouni is at the origin of the Bagratide dynasty founded at the 9th century in Arménie and Georgia.

According to Movsēs Xorenats' I, Bagratouni went down from an Jewish family, even from the king David. It tried to show that the Bagratides first names were of origin Jewish, but they proves that its analysis rests on invented names or of etymology whimsical.

Cyrille Toumanoff proposes the assumption of descendants of the Orontides, thesis which without being impossible, remains dubious.

Appien, when he reports the wars which opposed into 70 before JC the Roman general Lucullus and the king d' Arménie Tigrane II, mentions a Armenian general of the name of Bagadatès (or Bagaratès) which is probably ancestor of the family, its name being to bring closer to that of Bagrat.

Movsēs Xorenats' I also mentions the important facts at the 2nd century of Trdat Bagratouni. Even if the account holds more of the novel that historical truth, it is possible that Trdat really existed.

According to Rene Grousset they actually seem of antique Haïkane race. Their chiefs had the hereditary titles to thagadir or " pose-couronne" (dignitary which posed the crown on the head of the new king at the time of a sacring) until in 428 and of aspet or chief of the cavalry at the court of the kings Arsacides of Arménie.

The Byzantine Procope de Césarée mentions in his writings towards 535 a Armenian family of the name of Aspetianoi , which could be Bagratides (Procope would have confused the surname vec its title hereditary of aspet).

List bagratides of Arménie

First princes

More the attested former member of the family is the aspet Smbat 1st, listed in 314. Without a filiative continuity being assured, a list of the various household heads (or naxarar ) can be established.

Of these first loads to thagadir (lost into 428 with the abolition of the royalty in Arménie) and of aspet , Bagratouni start to take importance on several occasions by receiving the load of marzban (=gouvernor of Arménie). After the battle of Bagrévand which decimates the Armenian nobility, Bagratouni, even if they belong to overcome, pass in the foreground in Arménie.

Smbat 1st , aspet, quoted in 314.
Bagrat 1st , aspet, quoted in 330 and 353, wire of the precedent.
Smbat II , aspet, quoted in 367 and 374, wire of the precedent.
Sahak 1st , aspet, quoted in 379 and 387, father-in-law of Valarchak, king d' Arménie.
Smbat III , aspet, ambassador in Persia in 420.
Tiroç' 1st († 450), naxarar.
Sahak II († 482), aspet, marzban of Arménie.
Sanpdiat 1st , aspet, quoted in 505.
Varaz-Tiroç' 1st
Ashot 1st , naxarar in 555, aspet in 560, wire of the precedent
PAP , naxarar in 596, wire of the precedent
Manouel 1st , aspet before 560, dead probable young person, wire of Varaz-Tiroç
Smbat IV († 616), aspet in 595, marzban (599-607), wire of the precedent
Varaz-Tiroç II († 645), wire of the precedent, aspet in 616, marzbân in 628, prince d' Arménie in 645.
Smbat V , wire of the precedent, aspet, drongaire, prince d' Arménie from 645 to 653.
Ashot II (645 † 690), wire of the precedent, prince d' Arménie from 685 to 689.
Smbat († 705), wire of the precedent, naxarar from 703 to 705
Varaz-Tiroç III , wire of Smbat V, killed by the Byzantines in 670
Smbat VI , wire of the precedent, prince d' Arménie from 691 to 711.
''' Ashot III ''' the Blind man (v. 695 † 761), probable nephew of the precedent, prince d' Arménie from 732 to 748.
Smbat VII (v. 730 † 775), wire of the precedent, sparapet from 753 to 775.
''' Ashot IV ''' Msaker (v. 760 † 826), wire of the precedent, prince d' Arménie of 806 with 826.

Princes of Princes Bagratides

Sembat Ablabas Bagratouni 826 - 856 wire of Ashot Msaker

Kings Bagratides

Ashot I {{er}} Medz " Prince of Princes" of Arménie 856 then king of Arménie 884 - 890 wire of Sembat Ablabas
Sembat {{Ier}} Nahadak king 890 - 912 his/her son
Ashot II Erkath king 913 - 928 his/her oldest son

Ashot Sparapet anti-king 921 - 936 wire of Chapouh, the brother of Sembat Ist

Abas king 928 - 951 brother of Ashot II
Ashot III Olomadz king 951 - 977 wire of Abas
Smbat II Tiezerakal king 977 - 989 oldest son of Ashot III
Gagik {{Ier}} Shahinschah king 989 - 1020 wire puîné of Ashot III
Hovhannès-Sembat III king 1020 - 1041 oldest son of Gagik I 1st

Ashot IV Qatz Co-king 1021 - 1039 brother of Hovhannès-Smbat II

Gagik II king 1042 - 1045 died in 1079 wire of Ashot IV.

Abdicate in favor of the Byzantine Empereur Constantin IX Monomaque

Kings Bagratides of Kars

Mouchel Bagratouni king 962 - 984 wire junior by Abas and brother of Ashot III Olomadz
Abas Ier king 984 - 1029 his/her son
Gagik-Abas II king 1029 - 1064 died in 1080 wire of the precedent.

Abdicate in favor of the Byzantine Empereur Constantin X Dukas

Kings Bagratides of Lorri (Tachir)

Gourgen Ier 982 - 989 wire of Ashot III Olomadz
David Ier Anholin 989 - 1048 his/her son
Gourgen II Kiuriké Ier 1048 - 1100 his/her son
David II towards 1100 - 1145 his/her son
Abas Ier towards 1100 - 1145 his/her brother Co-king
Kiuriké II 1145 - 1185 wire of David II
Abas II 1185 - 1192 his/her son
Aghsarthan Ier 1192 - 1236 wire naturalness of Abas II
Kiuriké III 1232 - 1236 wire of Aghsarthan Ier
Pahlavan Ier 1236 - 1259 his/her son
Taqiaddin 1259 - 1260 his/her brother
Aghsarthan II 1260 -???? his/her brother

Bagratides in Georgia

According to Rene Grousset the Bragratide dynasty of Georgia is resulting from prince Vassak a brother (or a son) of Sembat VII Bagratouni Sparapet killed with the battle of Bagrévand the April 25th 772.

Fleeing Moslem repression Vassak took refuge in western north of the arménie and in high Georgia in the mounts of Klardjeth where he married a girl of Gouaram III of the local dynasty Chosroïdes or Mihranides which was prince of Djavakhétie and Calarzène.

His/her Adarnassé son, starting from 786 and his small Aschot son consolidated this principality in the country of Artanoudji in the area of the current city of Ardahan.

Increased Aschot its authority by weaving bonds with the royal family of Abkhazie and while entering like the latter the vassalage of the Byzantine Empire what allowed to him to obtain the title of Curopalate. In 829 it took again with the emir Tiflis the valley of Koura and the Western part of the Khartlie and had been recognized in 813 as chief of the géorgiens by the Byzantines.

The son of Aschot Ier, Bagrat Ier was driven back in his inheritance of Klardjeth by an offensive of the emir de Tiflis but it is restored by showing vassal faithful of Khalifat while another junior by the Bagratide family was established in the CAT towards 843.

Starting from this base and in spite of a domination of an about sixty years the kingdom the Abkhazian on the area Bagratouni gradually extended their domination on the Ibérie to the foundation of the unified kingdom of Georgia by Bagrat III of Georgia.

813 - 830: Aschot Ier duke of CAT and Calarzène
842 - 876: Bagrat Ier lower duke of CAT
876 - 881: David Ier lower duke of CAT
881 - 891: Gourgen Ier lower duke of CAT
888 - 923: Adarnasé Ier Curopalate d' Ibérie, Lower duke of CAT, prince de Djavakhétie
916 - 975: Abkhazian domination in the kingdom of Ibérie

916 - 923: Adarnasé Ier king titular of Ibérie
923 - 937: David titular Ier king of Ibérie
937 - 958: Soumbat Ier king titular of Ibérie
958 - 975: Bagrat Ier king titular of Ibérie

975 - 994: Bagrat Ier king of swears of Ibérie

975 - 994: Gourgen Ier king de facto of Ibérie

994 - 1008: Gourgen Ier king of swears of Ibérie

1001 - 1014: Bagrat III of Georgia king of Abkhazie king of Ibérie duke of CAT duke of Artanoudji-Calarzène duke of Djavakhétie. He was the first king of the unified Georgia.

For its successors => List of the sovereigns of Georgia

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