Baerenthal

Baerenthal (in German of Bärental ) is a common French, located in the Bitscherland, at the end of the department of the the Moselle, with the doors of the Alsace. The village belongs to the Regional natural park of the Vosges of North and of the basin of life of the Moselle-is.

Geography

The Village is located in country covered, with fifteen kilometers of Bitche and with twelve kilometers of Niederbronn, with the south-eastern limit of the Canton of Bitche. Cash seven hundred - fifty inhabitants, it is located at two hundreds - forty meters of Altitude, in green the Vallée of the Zinsel of North.

Variations and localities

The variations of the village are very many, often reduced at some houses:

Betteli of 1840.
Breitthal of 1841.
Daxhof , pertaining to the seigniory of Falkenstein, is built towards 1740.
Eulenkopf towards 1845.
Fischerhof at the beginning of the 17th century.
Frohnacker most probably after 1770.
Kundschaft in 1865.
Mühlthal , old farm of the seigniory of Falkenstein, whose forest house goes back to 1845.
Obermühlthal , probably of the 12th century.
Reinhardtshof , firm of the seigniory of Falkenstein at the 16th century.
Rosselhof towards 1730.
Teufelsbrückerhof builds towards 1770.
Thalhäuseln towards the end of the 18th century.
Schmalenthal of the beginning of the 19th century.
Untermühlthal towards 1720.

The single house forming the variation Kroterwasen is bought by the Administration of National Forestry Commission and, into 1887, is transformed into forest house taking the name of Schwarzenberg . The hamlets disappeared from Leimenthalerhof , Rothenbronnerhof , Sasselbach , Scharfeneckerhof and Wiesenlagerhof are still mentioned in 1798. The village of Mühlenbach , pertaining in 1332 to the seigniory of Large-Arnsburg, then with that of Falkenstein, is finally joined together at the village of Lemberg. In 1150, the Dietrich landgrave yields it to the Abbaye of Neuweiler which gives the field in stronghold to the abbey of Neubourg.

History

At the time of its foundation, at the time of the Frank county S of, Baerenthal is located in the Nordgau Alsatian and formed part, at the time Carolingian of the évêché of Strasbourg, just at the border of the évêché of Metz. The medieval period of the village is very rich thanks to the presence of the castles of Ramstein and the Large-Arnsberg on its round of applause. In does a document of the October 22nd 1291, one quote for the first time the noble ones of Ramstein and the village of Baerenthal is mentioned tardily in 1318, in the form ??? , the valley of Bero . From the point of view of the temporal power, Baerenthal then forms part of the seigniory of Ramstein, then, starting from 1355 of that of Falkenstein. Then begin for the area the reign of the knight-plunderers ( Raubritter ) and a sinisrtre period for Berebdal unter Ramenstein (the rock of the corbels).

By act of Vente of the September 3rd 1467, the count Louis V of Lichtenberg becomes owner of the southern half of the Village with the Château of Large-Arnsberg the and it is in 1569 that the counts de Hanau-Lichtenberg became owners of the whole of the Village. The name of several places of the surroundings of Baerenthal goes up at that time:

Reinhardshof , according to the name of the burgrave Johann-Reinhardt
Fischerhof , where placed the fishing
Rosselhof , where the stable-relays seigneuriales
Frohnacker were (field of drudgery), where a large farm close to the seigneuriaux fields was located.

Starting from 1480, ??? passes between the hands of the counts de Hanau-Lichtenberg and follows the fate of this seigniory. In 1606 are established limits S which must delimit the Duché of Lorraine and the Comté of Hanau-Lichtenberg, whose layout was on the limit of the communal round of applause, of the hamlet of the Melch to Bannstein. In 1648, Baerenthal belongs to the baillage of Lemberg, close to Pirmasens in the Palatinat, in the landgraviat of Hesse - Darmstadt and whose landgrave Louis VIII is the son-in-law of the count Johann-Reinhardt of Hanau-Lichtenberg and becomes her heir in 1786. In 1793, Baerenthal like its appendix Philippsbourg, are set up in common Canton of Bitche, are detached from the Alsace and are linked to the department of the the Moselle. The decision had been made by the Convention at the time of the French revolution.

The Zinsel of North is used as of the 18th century to feed the Usine S and the forging mills which brought work and working life in the Vallée. In 1745, the first Industrie east creates in Baerenthal. It is about a forging mill of knives which takes extension quickly. One second forging mill east creates to transform the cast iron coming from Franche-Comté, out of sheet of Fer and Acier. With the establishment in 1807 of steel-works, puddling furnaces and roll trains, the forging mills multiply along the Zinselbach. This activity reaches its greater development in the middle of the 19th century, to slow down at the beginning of this century and it is in 1932 that the firm last forging mill its doors. The relay is taken by the Chaiserie Lorraine , destroyed by the Second world war. Rebuilt and intended again for the work of the Steel, the machine shop is replaced by a factory of covers of table.

Following the imperial ordinance of the September 2nd 1915, the name of the Village is germanized in Bärenthal and will preserve this Orthographe until the return to the France in 1918. Of 1940 with 1944, it will be again germanized, this time in Bärental EIB Bitsch .

Classified Station of Cure of air , Baerenthal is a tourist center important the Vosges of North since the Village is classified green Station since 1987.

Worships

With the the Middle Ages, Baerenthal is an appendix of the catholic Paroisse of Obersteinbach, of the archpriest the Top Haguenau with the diocese of Strasbourg. In 1570, the count Philippe IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg introduces the Réforme into the Village and the catholic Culte is removed. This typical location explains the absence of cross of way on the Ban of the common . For the catholic , very few and recently arrived in the common , the territory is allotted to the évêché of Metz since 1802 and Baerenthal forms an appendix of the Paroisse of Mouterhouse. The vault of the Immaculate Conception is built in 1885 in the northern part of the village.

After the passage of the Village to the Reform, the Catholic church is assigned to the Culte protesting. The Protestant church is restored in 1630. In addition, the Village is a Protestant Paroisse since 1739.

Administration

In 1793, Baerenthal like its appendix Philippsbourg, are set up in common Canton of Bitche, are detached from the Alsace and are linked to the department of the the Moselle. The decision was made by the Convention at the time of the French revolution.

Economy

The company Barenthal creates and carries out covers in massive Acier and Métal money E. In 2005, it is the number two of the manufacturers of covers French.

Demography

The Population varied considerably, passing from 660 inhabitants in 1817 with 1 683 in 1852, to fall down to 694 in 1982.

Places and monuments

the Castle of Ramstein, built at the 13th century by the lords of Falkenstein.
the Castle of Large-Arnsberg the, built at the beginning of the 12th century to protect the imperial city from Haguenau.
the church Holy-Catherine, rebuilt with the 17th century and transform in Temple Protesting since 1571. Stained glasses of Tristan Ruhlmann.
the vault of the Immaculate Conception, of the end of the 19th century, is the subject of a Pèlerinage every month of May.
the limits to the locality Schmalenthal, going back to 1605 and delimiting the old border of the county of Bitche.
the tomb of Philippe Hirtz, employed forging mills of Mouterhouse, date of 1868.
the martyrdom with the locality Frohnacker, going back to 1790.
the observation post of the birds, place privileged to discover the fauna the Vosges of North.
Located in edge of the main street, a farm is made up of two buildings: the home with well-established, gone back 1770 on the door to cellar, and the exploitation, dated 1753, developing in width with the bottom of the court. Exceptional in the Country of Bitche, it is attached to the Alsatian habitat by separation between home and the farm and by the hoods superimposed on the principal frontage. But here, unlike the Alsace, side-of-wood is relegated in the secondary parts, i.e. in the dependences, whereas the dwelling is built in moelleon rough-cast sandstone.

Armorial bearings

The armorial bearings of the common are: “ of sand to the Bear, passing from money, coped-bent Gold with the Dextral star of Mouths to ”.

They are the weapons of the family of Ramstein, the seigniory of which the village with the Moyen-âge concerned, and which draws its name from old the Château of Ramstein. The Ours points out the name of the locality, meaning the valley of the bears : Bären-tal , in German.

Personalities related to the commune

Jean-Guillaume Goldenberg, (1778 - 1858), director of the forging mills and person in charge of the Cleansing of the Valley.

Sources

mills and sawmills of the Country of Bitche , Joel Beck, 1999.
Country of Bitche 1900-1939 , Joel Beck, 2005.

See too

Barenthal .
Observation post of the birds of Baerenthal.
Common of the Moselle.

External bonds

Official site of the commune
air of Baerenthal
Baerenthal on the site Welcome in the Country of Bitche!
Barenthal on the site of the Countries of Bitche and the Saar
Baerenthal on the site of the National Geographical Institute
Baerenthal on the site of INSEE
Baerenthal on the site of Quid
Localization of Baerenthal on a chart of France and communes bordering
Plane on Baerenthal on Mapquest

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