Baden-Baden

Baden-Baden is a German city, located in the Land of Bade-Wurtemberg. The city is known as a holiday resort, thermal spa and for its international festivals. Until 1931, the city bore the name Baden ( Bade , in French), but it was called most of the time " Baden in Baden" (Baden in Bade), from where the origin of the double-name of the city. In 1997, the Olympic title of City is decreed in Baden-Baden by the International Olympic committee.

Geography

Most of the city, located at approximately 60 km of Strasbourg and 40 km of Karlsruhe is boxed in the valley of the Oos, small river tributary of Right Bank of the the Rhine. The city was constituted by successive annexations of districts located always more at the west, until its outlet in the plain of the Rhine, where are concentrated the majority of the industrial activities.

In spite of the progressive urbanization of the slopes of the Black Forest, the essence of urban fabric is concentrated in a long band of a score of kilometers length, located in the valley.

Only the Western fringe of the commune is not bordered by wooded surfaces: of any part of the city, one can walk less than 2 km (even much less) and find oneself in full forest.

History

After the division of the Margraviat of Bade under the authority of three branches distinct from the house from Zähringen, Baden-Baden échut with the branch known as of Baden-Baden, the 12th century until the short reunification of 1503 with 1527.

There one knows invaluable information on the life with Bade at the beginning of the 15th century thanks to the correspondence of the Humaniste Italy N Poggio Bracciolini, known as Pogge , come to take water in 1416 - 1417, whereas it was with the Concile of Constancy.

The wars of religion caused a new division of the margraviat in 1527, Baden-Baden being the seat of the new catholic branch of the family, which ends up dying out in 1771, the margraviat being then reunified between the hands of the branch Lutheran known as of Baden-Durlach, resident with Karlsruhe.

Baden-Baden was devastated the August 24th 1689 by the French troops .

At the end of the 18th century, the city became a thermal spa famous in all Europe, and very fashionable (crowned heads, etc)

In 1945, after the collapse of the III {{E}} Reich, the city became the seat of the command as a chief of the French Forces in Germany (F), with construction of a true French city in the western districts of Baden-Baden, in which lived approximately 5  000 French (military of the quota, officers, families) having many infrastructures: supermarkets, schools and college French, Catholic church… This French presence ended at the end of the Années 1990.

The May 29th 1968, the general Massu, then commander-in-chief of the French forces in Germany, accommodated there, in its residence of function located on a hill at the variation of the city, the general de Gaulle and ensured it of the fidelity of the army.

Heraldic

Weapons of use of the town of Baden-Baden, ever adopted officially. Blasonnées Of gold, with the band of mouths, surmounted by a mural crown of three sand turns. Begin again the traditional weapons of the first margraves de Bade, handing-over in force in 1830 by the large-duke of Bade, and to which they add a built crown.

Absorptive communes

  • Absorptions by the town of Baden-Baden (Stadt Baden-Baden):

    • 1909 : Lichtental and Beuren
    • 1928: Oos and Oosscheuren
  • Absorptions by the Stadtkreis of Baden-Baden:
    • 1939 : Balg
    • January 1st 1972: Ebersteinburg (up to that point depend on Landkreis de Rastatt)
    • July 1st 1972: Neuweier, Steinbach and Varnhalt (up to that point dependant on Landkreis de Bühl)
    • January 1st 1973: Haueneberstein (up to that point depend on Landkreis de Rastatt)
    • January 1st 1975: Sandweier (up to that point depend on Landkreis de Rastatt)

Tourism

  • Since the autumn 2004, a museum built by the architect Richard Meier shelters the important collection Frieder Burda of contemporary art.
  • Palate of the festivals (concert, opera, ballet)
  • Mount Merkur (Mercury), with Funicular
  • Ruins of the Roman thermal baths
  • Old castle, Castle of Hohenbaden ( Altes Schloss )
  • New castle ( Neues Schloss )
  • Casino ( Kurhaus )
  • Hydropathic establishment ( Trinkhalle )
  • Cloister of Lichtental
  • Lake located in an old career ( Tripsee in the language of a certain youth of the Years 1970)
  • Hippodrome of Iffezheim, on which short every year the Grand Prix of Baden ( Grosser Preis Von Baden ), horse-race of preparatory dish to the Price of the Triumphal arch.

List nonexhaustive.

Town planning

The increasing urbanization and the development of the automobile growth, combined with the very particular topography of the city, led the municipality to great work in the Années 1980: two road tunnels with mountainside were thus built, to relieve congestion the downtown area, periodically bottled at the rush hours. One of these tunnels is long of approximately 1  500  Mr. the financing of this equipment was relatively easy, because of the richness of the city, which receives considerable incomes because of the presence of the casino since the 19th century.

Twinnings

Celebrities

there

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