The Azeri , sometimes called Azerbaijani ( Azərbaycan dili or azəri dili in Azeri) is a language belonging to the group of the Turkish Langues of the family of the altaïques Langues. He is spoken in the the Caucasus, mainly in Azerbaïdjan and Iran.

Writing

The Azeri alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet, with the addition of additional letters, of which the Schwa (ə). The Azeri having passed to the Latin alphabet at the beginning of the Years 1990, one initially allotted the letter “ä” to this sound, before realizing that it was by far the letter most used in this language and that one lost too much time to write it. This led well quickly to a re-establishment of the “ə”.

The Azerbaijani is spoken today today by more than 90,6% of the population of Azerbaïdjan. He is also spoken by more than 30 people million in Iran (in the areas of Azerbaïdjan of the South, and West), in Georgia, in Turkey and Russia.

Sometimes one speaks about the Azeri or the Azerbaijani or about the Azeri-Turkish . The Azerbaijani is a geopolitical definition and Azeri-Turkish is ethnolinguistic.

The Azerbaijani belongs to the family of the Ural-Altaic languages, the Turkish group and with under oghouz group like Turkish and turkmene, the tatar of the Crimea, the gagaouze. Starting from XIe century, Azerbaijani Turkish becomes the single means of communication on the Azerbaijani territory.

The Azerbaijani is a very musical language with the ear because it observes the rule of the vocalic Harmonie. There are neither articles nor kinds. The Azerbaijani has six cases (Nominatif, Génitif, Datif, Accusatif, Locatif, Ablatif). The relations between words are created using the suffixes added at the end of the words.

As for the history of the Azerbaijani alphabet, according to the Institute of manuscript of Azerbaïdjan, the first writing used on the territory of Azerbaïdjan, was a wedge-shaped writing. Between the Life and Ier centuries before J. - C., an old Assyrian alphabet was used in the State de Midia, in the south of Azerbaïdjan. In IVe century after J. - C. in the north of Azerbaïdjan (in the Caucasian Albania) one used an alphabet alban which comprised 52 letters.

Always according to the Institute of Manuscript as of IVe century until VIIIe century in Azerbaïdjan one used a runic writing. With the occupation of the Arab caliphate, the Arabic alphabet is established in Azerbaïdjan and will remain the principal means of writing until 1929.

From 1923 (already as from 1923 the Latin alphabet was used in parallel with the Arabic alphabet) up to 1939 the Latin alphabet replaces the Arabic alphabet. As from 1939, the Cyrillic alphabet replaces the Latin alphabet while becoming the official alphabet of Soviet Azerbaïdjan. And finally in 1991, with the independence of Azerbaïdjan, the Latin alphabet becomes the official alphabet of country.

As from 1991 until today in Azerbaïdjan one uses a Latin alphabet which contains 32 letters for 33 sounds, including 23 consonants and 9 vowels. In France in particular in Paris, with the INALCO, the Azerbaijani is taught since 1998.

Examples

See too

Internal bonds

External bonds

  • Azeri, northern - Ethnologist
  • Azeri, southern - Ethnologist
  • Azeri, northern - Joshua project
  • Azeri, southern - Joshua project

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