Axel (ice-skating)

See also: Axel

In Figure skating, a axel is a Saut leaving on a external Carre before and finishing on a external Carre postpones after a rotation of a turn and half in space. The basic jump in the family of the axel is called the Saut of waltz, therefore and landing on the same cross-sections, but by achieving only one half-turn in the air. Until now, the simple axel, the double and triple were carried out successfully in official competition.

Technique

A skater normally approaches the jump on a right cross-section postpones external in a position of blocking firmly held before being turned over on a cross-section before external left. The skater pushes on the claws of the left shoe and springs in the airs in a movement of rise with the right leg. Then, the skater brings the left leg over the right leg in a movement of crossing which one commonly calls a back position of pirouette (back spin), in order to bring the center of rotation above the right-sided of the body; this displacement is also called transfer of weight. The waning of the legs to the landing makes it possible to block rotation and makes it possible to the skater to slip on the ice with a good speed.

It is current to see skaters skidding slightly on the starting cross-section, more particularly for the double and triple axel, the skid helping the blade to bite in the ice with the call. This technique is regarded as acceptable insofar as the skid is not too important and as long as the departure occurs on the back from the blade; the skater should not on the other hand cheat on the departure of the jump by carrying out a prerotation. When a skater makes an error in synchronism and that it skids completely of the starting cross-section, the jump often ends in a fall, commonly called waxel . Data-processing biomechanical analyzes skaters realizing of the doubles and triple axels showed that the skaters do not gain as much amplitude on triple axel than they do not gain any on the double. This can appear somewhat irrational, considering that a higher jump should result in a greater time from take-off to supplement the jump. In fact, the skaters rather seek more quickly to reach a position of rotation by closing again their members on them-even more quickly, putting their energy in rotation rather than in the impulse.

First axel

Axel Paulsen was the first skater to make a success of the jump in 1882 such as one knows it today. Curiously, it makes a success of this exploit while carrying shoes speed in the place of artistic shoes.

During the first years of existence of the ice-skating of competition, the jumps were exclusively field of the men. Sonja Henie is generally credited to have made a success of the first axel at the ladies. Today, on the other hand, the technique which it used would be regarded as poor since its jump comprised an excessive prerotation without passage of the free leg forwards, gave him more the aspect of a jumped pirouette.

Dick Button was the first skater to land the double axel in competition, with the Olympic Games of 1948. The trainer of Short prop, Mister Gus Lussi was the first to develop the modern technology of the axel. Carol Heiss became it first lady to carry out the double axel in 1953. The Canadian skater Vern Taylor was the first to make a success of triple axel in competition with the Championnats of the World of figure skating of 1978. Since this time, this jump became a standard for the candidates of elite, but it is seldom successful adequately among women. Only some of them passed in competition, including Midori Ito (Championnats of the world of figure skating of 1989) and Tonya Harding (with the American Championships of 1991). Very recently, the young Japanese woman Mao Asada, 14 years old, made a success of triple axel has two competitions of UIP, that is to say the finale of the Grand Prix Junior in Finland and to the Championships of the world junior 2005 with Kitchener, Canada. At the time of the last national championships, this Japanese skater, too young to take part in the Olympic Games, made a success of two triple axels, of which one in combination, becoming thus the first and more the young woman to achieve such a performance in competition.

Variations

  • a axel delayed is similar to a regular axel, but the skater adopts a position very open to the take-off before closing again his members to supplement rotation before the landing.

  • In an open axel , the skater maintains the position open throughout the jump without delaying the position.

  • a tuck axel is taken and lands on the same cross-sections as a regular axel, but the skater brings back his legs in a position of sitted pirouette or Indian.

  • a half-axel is a jump taken on the same cross-section as a regular axel but with comprising only one rotation, landing by ahead (usually on the left claw follow-up of a left cross-section before interior, for a skater droitier). This jump is sometimes called Bell jump .

  • a axel on a foot is a jump of a rotation and half with the departure of a axel regular but landed on the same foot as at the beginning, without change of leg. This jump is sometimes called in Roller-skating a Colledge , according to the chamiponne of the world of 1937, Cecelia Colledge.

  • an interior axel comprises 1 1/2 rotation and is taken on an interior cross-section before and landed on an external back cross-section, on the same foot as with the take-off. This jump is also known under the name of Boeckl , of its inventor Willy Boeckl.

Moreover, the entry axel can be used like departure for the jumped pirouettes. A sitted pirouette axel is also known under the name of reversed/back jumped sitted pirouette and is primarily a axel landed in back sitted pirouette. In a sitted Pirouette axel open jumped, better known under the name of death drop or escaped from dead the , the skater quaiment adopts an horizontal position (by kikant the leg of call behind and on the side instead of bringing it to before) before landing in a back sitted pirouette.

A spade-axel or axel piqué is not a true jump, but rather a name given to a jump of Boucle piqué non-adéquatement carried out.

Note

Certain people are not familiar with the details of the figure skating and confuse sometimes the jumps, calling them all of the “axels”. This gave place to several blunders in the press coverage of ice-skating by inexperienced jounalists.

Related articles

----

Simple: Axel jump

Random links:Hemisphere (geography) | Gunsmoke | Biozone | Bonneval (Savoy) | Celine Signori | Ajman