Australoïde

The term australoïde designated certain human populations of Asia (India of the South and the center, Filipino, Malaysia) and of Oceania (Australia, New Guinea, Mélanésie) in racial classifications of the 19th century. It is rejected today by the majority of the Anthropologue S which regard it as stripped of scientific base.

History

The racial theories of the 19th century distinguished four “human races”: caucasoïde (or Leucoderme), négroïde or Xanthoderm Mélanoderme, mongoloïde or and australoïde.

This classification is regarded today as erroneous, the pigmentation not being able to be used as a basis for a racial distinction. Indeed, the characteristics Morphologique S of a human Squelette reveal neither the pigmentation of the individual, nor the characteristics of its hair. The mankind cannot be subdivided in distinct races.

At the XIXe century, the australoïde group was regarded as very old. This racist assumption was invalidated since. The analysis of DNA mitochondrial and research archaeological show on the contrary that groups of population resulting from the South-East Asia penetrated the continent Australia N there is approximately: 50000 years, that is to say relatively recently in the history of the man. With the American continent, Australia is one of the last continents colonized by the man.

Although certain scientists of the XIXe century (Huxley, Hopwe, Von Luschen, etc) could consider that the australoïdes presented similarities with the Homme of Néandertal, that is perfectly false: there is not any doubt that the Aborigène S are Homo sapiens , as well as any Parisian, of Brussels or montréalais.

The australoïdes were described like individuals Dolichocéphale S, of 1,55 to 1,65 m, with black skin and hair buckled (Aborigènes of Australia) or stiff with corrugated in the case of the Mélanésien S and Négritos.

Today, the australoïde term can have a racist connotation , to bring closer to Négroïde.

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