See also: Augustin

The Augustins or Ordre of Saint Augustin is an order Catholique of monk beggars.

Male orders

There does not exist, strictly speaking , of religious rule which was written by holy Augustin, not more than of a nature being attached directly to the community of friends being grouped around him. However during the the Middle Ages, of the monastic orders are created and the regular monks live under the precepts of Augustin saint. One gives today, the name of Règle of saint Augustin to a text used by holy Césaire, bishop of Arles from 470 to 542, for a religious community in difficulty after the death of his abbot.

With the the Middle Ages, much of Ermites had organized themselves in congregation according to the spiritual directives of holy Augustin. In 1256, the pope Alexandre IV joins together them under the name of order of the Ermites of Saint Augustin , and under the direction of Lanfranc. The order was definitively approved at the time of the Concile of Lyon in 1274.

Augustins were dedicated especially to preaching, competing with the Dominicains. They wore in the origin a gray clothing like the Franciscains. they took in the continuation a black or white clothing, with broad handles, attached around the body by a leather belt.

All in all, the various branches of this kind are:

• the Ermites of Saint Augustin , order begging, or Ordre of Large Augustins (1256) count 13 congregations: Prémontrés - Holy-Cross of Coïmbre, Croisiers, and 9 others confederated under the authority of a abbot-primacy: Lateran, Austria, Large Saint-Bernard, Mother of the Redeemer, Saint-Maurice d' Agaune, Saint-Victor, Windesheim, Immaculate-Design, Brothers of the common life. They count approximately 2910 members.

• the Hermits Récollets , beggars, founded in 1588 in the province of Tolède in Spain , preaching the return to the primitive rule, connects set up in distinct congregation by Gregoire XV in 1621 and organized in order by Pie X in 1912; They would be approximately 1.250.

• the Augustins Exposed (Déchaux), beggars who walked barefeet: this branch, born in 1574 of the reform of the Portuguese Thomas of Jesus, was spread soon in France and Italy. The monks of the French congregation (17th century) were familiarly called Petits Fathers . They make the three wishes of poverty, chastity and obedience; those of the congregation of Italy make in more that of humility. They count approximately 185 members in the world. The branch of France is extinct with the Revolution.

• the Assomptionnistes (°Nîmes, 1845).

Convents of Augustins with Paris

Before 1789, there were in Paris three famous convents of Augustins:

• the Large-Augustins , established since 1259, and which concerned only Rome (their convent located on the site of the Dauphine Rue current, was often used for the assemblies of the clergy and the Parliament);
• Small-Augustins , whose convent, built in 1609 by Marguerite de Valois, became the hospital of Charity;
• the Augustins exposed , also called Small-Fathers , because of the small size of PP. François Amet and Matthieu of Holy-Francoise-Roman, which built this convent, in 1629, close to the Place of the Victories (street of the Old men-Augustins). The convent of Our-Lady-of-Victories was founded by Louis XIII on December 9th, 1629. It belonged to the province known as of France which, with those of Dauphiné and Provence constituted the congregation of France of Augustins exposed. The Small-Fathers obtained several reforms softening their very austere constitutions. The last, in 1746, authorized them to carry shoes. They changed name then and took that D Augustins reformed .

The convent was closed like the others with the French revolution and the few 60 monks then dispersed. The church, reopened with the worship under the Empire, became a parish then, at the 19th century, a famous place of pilgrimage.

The Augustines

Also placed under the term of Saint-Augustin, Augustines have only little to do with Augustins. These nuns, which follow the rule that Saint Augustin gave to a monastery rested by his/her sister with Hippone, are dedicated to the guard of the patients and the service of the hospitals and wear a black dress tightened by a leather belt.

The Hôtel-Dieu of Paris was served by of Augustines.

Since then, other orders were put under the aegis of Saint Augustin:

• the Servites of Marie;
• the Ursulines;
• the Sisters of the Visitation;
• the Augustins of the Assumption, or Assomptionnistes
• the Sisters Augustines Missionaries congregation founded in Spain.

Internal bonds

• regular Canons of saint Augustin
• Religious orders alphabetically
• List of the catholic congregations
• History of the Christian congregations

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