Augustin Robespierre

Biography

Augustin and his Maximilien brother belong to a family of four children that the father Maximilien-Barthelemy-François de Robespierre, lawyer at the Superior council of Artois and unconsoled widower, gives up to be established with the kingdom of Bavaria, where he dies in 1777. The mother, Jacqueline-Marguerite Carraut, girl of a brewer, had died in 1764 whereas the children were in low age: the elder one, Maximilien, had only 6 years and Augustin 1 year.

Having low-incomes, Maximilien and Augustin both profit from a purse to continue their studies. The destiny of Augustin is closely related to that of his/her brother. It narrowly follows it in its ideas and, profiting from the popularity of this last, starts to him also a political career, initially in Arras then in Paris.

Installed, like his brother, lawyer at the Superior council of Artois to Arras the day before the French revolution, it adopts the revolutionary ideas and is elected president of the Company of the Friends of the Constitution of Arras. In 1791, he is administrator of the Département of the Pas-de-Calais.

After the day of the August 10th, 1792, he becomes prosecutor syndic, then administrator of the department. Then he is elected, nineteenth on twenty-four, is appointed of Paris to the national Convention. Like his Maximilien brother, it sits on the benches of the Montagnards, adheres to the Club Jacobins.

At the time of the Lawsuit of Louis XVI, it votes the culpability of the king, against the call to the people, for the capital punishment and against the deferment. He asks that the skin of Mirabeau be removed the Pantheon of Paris, vote the committal for trial of Marat, that this one had taken on April 12th, vis-a-vis the attacks of the the Gironde, and is opposed to the creation of a guard for Convention.

He votes against the report/ratio of the decree having broken the Commission of the Twelve and, on June 2nd, 1793, for the arrest of the Girondins.

Sent on mission in the South in July 1793, he discovers Bonaparte with the Siège of Toulon, from which he praises the merits, police chief with the armies of Italy, he has a crucial role in his promotion as general. Then becomes Commissaire of national Convention in the departments of the Haute-Saône and the Doubs (at the time of this mission, it makes release from many people thrown in prison by his Bernard colleague the Holy ones). He will play a big role in the denunciation of excesses of the terrorists in province (Barred, Fréron), these even which will cause the fall of his/her brother.

Of return to Paris, it binds with Joseph Fouché, which wishes to marry his/her Charlotte sister. Maximilien, which hardly appreciates Fouché, is opposed to this project and the wishes of his/her brother.

However, when, Thermidor 9, national Convention, the mountain deputy of the Aveyron, Louis Peat spade, asks for the decree of arrest against his/her brother Maximilien, Augustin de Robespierre, whereas it is not named, exclaims: “I am as guilty as my brother. I share his virtues, I want to share his fate, I ask for also the decree of charge against me”, decree which makes vote immediately the Lozeau deputy of the Charente-Lower .

Taken refuge with the Town hall, in the night from the 9 to Thermidor 10, with the sight of the gendarmes, it tries to escape by a cornice and breaks the legs while falling.

The following day, Thermidor 10 (July 28th, 1794), it is led in front of the revolutionary Tribunal with different blackjack put out the law, for a simple recognition of identity, before being guillotine the same day with Maximilien, Saint-Just, Couthon and Hanriot on the Place of the Revolution (today Place of the Harmony).

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